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Table 4 The effect of visor type and visor damage with facial injury and its divisions

From: The effect of motorcycle helmet type, components and fixation status on facial injury in Klang Valley, Malaysia: a case control study

 

*Facial injury

**Upper face injury

#Middle face injury

##Lower face injury

Type of visor

    

Integrated

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Added-on

0.50 (0.24-1.05)

0.67 (0.24-1.92)

0.44 (0.21-0.92)

0.53 (0.24-1.14)

Helmet without a visor

0.89 (0.06-12.27)

-

3.60 (0.33-39.24)

-

Visor damage

    

No damage

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

With damage

5.48 (1.46-20.57)

-

4.51 (1.08-18.86)

7.51 (0.91-62.34)

  1. *Controlled for type of colliding vehicle.
  2. **Controlled for type of colliding vehicle.
  3. #Controlled for type of collision.
  4. ##Controlled for ethnic group.