From: Validation of the Ottawa Ankle Rules in Iran: A prospective survey
No | Percent | |
---|---|---|
Sex | ||
Male | 105 | 52.50% |
Female | 95 | 47.50% |
Age mean(SD), year | 31.86(± 15.95) | |
Mechanism of injury | ||
Sports activities | 49 | 24.50% |
Descending stairs | 31 | 15.50% |
Falling in pot-holes | 25 | 12.50% |
twisting ankle during casual walking | 20 | 10.00% |
Direct trauma | 17 | 8.50% |
Falling down | 16 | 8.00% |
Tripping over obstacles | 13 | 6.50% |
Others | 29 | 14.50% |
Time of Arrival to Emergency | ||
<3 h | 56 | 28.00% |
4–7 h | 46 | 23.00% |
8–12 h | 23 | 11.50% |
13–24 h | 47 | 23.50% |
25–48 h | 19 | 9.50% |
>48 h | 9 | 4.50% |
Fractures | 37 | 18.50% |
Malleolar zone | 23 | 62.16% |
Lateral malleol | 15 | 40.54% |
Medial malleol | 5 | 13.51% |
Bimalleolar | 3 | 8.11% |
Calcaneus | 0 | 0% |
Talus | 0 | 0% |
Midfoot zone | 14 | 37.84% |
Base of 5th metatarsal | 13 | 35.14% |
Navicular | 0 | 0% |
Cuboid | 1 | 2.70% |
Coneiforms | 0 | 0% |
Treatments | ||
Short leg splint | 111 | 55.50% |
Short leg cast | 42 | 21.00% |
Conservative management | 38 | 19.00% |
Surgery | 5 | 2.50% |
Others | 4 | 2.00% |