Table 4 Clinical characteristics of favorable and unfavorable outcomes among adult patients treated in comprehensive specialized hospitals of Amhara regional state, Ethiopia 2021 (n = 483)
Variables | Category | Favorable outcome N = (%) | Unfavorable outcome N = (%) | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Pupillary reactivity | Normal | 159(33%) | 62(12.8%) | 221(45.8%) |
Unilateral abnormality | 67(13.9%) | 45(9.3%) | 112(23.2%) | |
Bilateral abnormality | 87(18%) | 63(13%) | 150(31%) | |
Comorbidity | Hypertension | 35(7.2%) | 24(5%) | 59(12.2%) |
Diabetes mellitus | 34(7%) | 21(4.4%) | 55(11.4%) | |
Others | 18(3.7%) | 13(2.7%) | 31(6.4%) | |
No known disease | 226(46.8%) | 112(23.2%) | 338(70%) | |
Loss of consciousness | No | 113(23.4%) | 56(11.6%) | 169(35%) |
Yes | 200(41.4%) | 114(23.6%) | 314(65%) | |
Convulsion | No | 201(41.6%) | 102(21.1%) | 303(62.7%) |
Yes | 112(23.2%) | 68(14.1%) | 180(37.3%) | |
Increase intracranial pressure | No | 172(35.6%) | 86(17.8%) | 258(53.4%) |
Yes | 141(29.2%) | 84(17.4%) | 225(46.6%) | |
Battle sign | Positive | 51(10.5%) | 41(8.5%) | 92(19%) |
Negative | 262(54.2%) | 129(26.8%) | 391(81%) | |
CSF leakage | No leakage | 230(47.7%) | 97(20%) | 327(67.7%) |
Rhinorrhea | 31(6.4%) | 34(7.1%) | 65(13.5%) | |
Othorrhea | 52(10.7%) | 39(8.1%) | 91(18.8%) | |
Blood glucose level |  < 200 | 86(17.8%) | 56(11.6%) | 142(29.4%) |
 > 200 | 56(11.6%) | 27(5.6%) | 83(17.2%) | |
Not investigated | 171(35.4%) | 87(18%) | 258(53.4%) | |
Length of hospital stay | 1–3 days | 85(17.6%) | 51(10.6%) | 136(28.2%) |
4–6 days | 69(14.3%) | 38(7.9%) | 107(22.2%) | |
7–10 days | 50(10.3%) | 28(5.8%) | 78(16.1%) | |
 > 10 days | 109(22.5%) | 53(11%) | 162(33.5%) | |
CT-scan result | No CT-scan | 52(10.8%) | 27(5.6%) | 79(16.4%) |
Normal CT-scan | 43(8.9%) | 18(3.7%) | 61(12.6%) | |
Hematomas | 95(19.7%) | 68(14%) | 163(33.7%) | |
Contusion | 43(8.9%) | 17(3.5%) | 60(12.4%) | |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage | 47(9.8%) | 19(3.9%) | 66(13.7%) | |
Others | 33(6.8%) | 21(4.4%) | 54(11.2%) |