| dPP < 0 (n = 208) | dPP > 0 (n = 321) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
Age (years) | 70 ± 15 | 69 ± 15 | 0.445 |
Male gender | 138 (66%) | 203 (63%) | 0.466 |
BMI (kg.m− 2) | 24.8 ± 5.5 | 29.7 ± 4.8 | 0.219 |
Hypertension | 86 (41%) | 143 (45%) | 0.468 |
Chronic cardiac failure | 52 (25%) | 82 (26%) | 0.888 |
Coronary heart failure | 41 (20%) | 63 (20%) | 0.981 |
Diabetes Mellitus | 57 (27%) | 94 (29%) | 0.640 |
Cancer history | 79 (38%) | 107 (33%) | 0.274 |
COPD | 30 (14%) | 49 (15%) | 0.791 |
Chronic Renal Failure | 37 (18%) | 38 (12%) | 0.057 |
Immunosuppression | 70 (34%) | 119 (37%) | 0.423 |
Prehospital | |||
Initial SBP (mmHg) | 110 ± 31 | 89 ± 26 | < 10− 3 |
Initial DBP (mmHg) | 61 ± 20 | 56 ± 19 | 0.006 |
Initial MAP (mmHg) | 77 ± 23 | 67 ± 21 | < 10− 3 |
Initial HR (beats.min− 1) | 115 ± 29 | 114 ± 28 | 0.601 |
Initial RR (movements.min− 1) | 30 [24–39] | 28 [22–35] | 0.005 |
Initial pulse oximetry (%) | 91 [84–96] | 92 [85–96] | 0.011 |
Initial body core temperature (°C) | 38.3 [36.4–39.1] | 38.4 [36.9–39.1] | 0.378 |
Initial Glasgow coma scale | 15 [12–15] | 15 [13–15] | 0.698 |
Initial blood lactate (mmol.l− 1) | 5.8 ± 3.3 | 5.8 ± 3.4 | 0.919 |
Fluid expansion (ml) | 700 [500–1000] | 925 [500–1238] | 0.368 |
Norepinephrine administration | 46 (22%) | 108 (34%) | 0.005 |
Prehospital AB administration | 40 (19%) | 92 (29%) | 0.015 |
Prehospital duration (min) | 64 ± 31 | 75 ± 35 | < 10− 3 |
Final SBP (mmHg) | 98 ± 23 | 111 ± 25 | < 10− 3 |
Final DBP (mmHg) | 63 ± 19 | 62 ± 17 | 0.437 |
Final MAP (mmHg) | 74 ± 20 | 78 ± 19 | 0.025 |
Final HR (beats.min− 1) | 110 ± 26 | 106 ± 24 | 0.067 |
Final RR (movements.min− 1) | 25 [20–32] | 24 [19–30] | 0.051 |
Final pulse oximetry (%) | 97 [94–98] | 97 [95–99] | 0.060 |
Final body core temperature (°C) | 38.2 [36.0–39.2] | 38.1 [36.8–39.0] | 0.702 |
Final Glasgow coma scale | 15 [13–15] | 14 [14–15] | 0.041 |
Final blood lactate (mmol.l− 1) | 4.4 ± 3.4 | 4.1 ± 3.2 | 0.459 |
Hospital | |||
SOFA score | 6 [3–9] | 5 [3–9] | 0.902 |
In-ICU length of stay (days) | 3 [1–7] | 4 [2–8] | 0.121 |
In-hospital length of stay (days) | 10 [4–18] | 11 [6–18] | 0.053 |