Fig. 4

Results of the adjusted analysis using aGAM of the time to first supervision and its relationship to patient outcomes according to the resident level. A Revisiting the ED within 72 hours. The trend with regard to resident experience level showed that as the residents gained more experience (PGY, R1, R2), the acceptable duration of supervision increased, with a negative log odds. B Mortality in sevendays after the ED visit. C LOS in the ED. D Total medical expenses during the ED visit. There was a noticeable peak within the first 60 minutes in the LOS and cost, while the first 100 minutes was associated with a higher log odds-on mortality. This may indicate that patients in poor condition requiring more care received care under supervision by an attending physician earlier, which could have been initiated by either the attending physician or the resident calling for help