Table 3 Reasons against the approval of the independent use of painkillers by ambulance staff
From: Application of analgesics in emergency services in Germany: a survey of the medical directors
Opioids | Non-Opioids | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Reasons against the approval of the independent use of painkillers by emergency paramedics | Yes | No | p-value Approved: n = 20 Not approved: n = 53 | p-value Approved: n = 43 Not approved: n = 30 |
Emergency physician (almost) always available very quickly | 17 (22,1%) | 56 (72,7%) | P = 0,303 | P = 0,257 |
The issues of legal (in)certainty in the use of narcotics by emergency paramedics | 41 (53,2%) | 32 (41,6%) | P = 0,006 | P = 0,020 |
Indication by emergency paramedics is too uncritical | 13 (16,9%) | 60 (77,9%) | P = 0,284 | P = 0,683 |
Lack of expertise of emergency paramedics | 15 (19,5%) | 58 (75,3%) | P = 0,171 | P = 0,923 |
Lack of experience/safety in the use of analgesics | 28 (36,4%) | 45 (58,4%) | P = 0,367 | P = 0,465 |
Fear of an increase in side effects | 7 (9,1%) | 66 (85,7%) | P = 0,942 | P = 0,001 |
Resistance of individual emergency paramedics against the "assumption of medical activity" | 13 (16,9%) | 60 (77,9%) | P = 0,764 | P = 0,683 |
There are no reasons | 15 (19,5%) | 58 (75,3%) |