Table 1 Scenario- critical diagnoses and assessment preprogrammed and set up in human patient simulator
Name | Critical diagnosis, assessment | Human patient simulator | Primary critically outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
S -Safety | Safe injury- event site expected to be visually assessed 360 degrees | ||
C -Catastrophic bleeding | Catastrophic bleeding right femoral artery | 0.5 L of ‘blood’ was out on the ground at the source of bleeding, as well as pulsating bleeding | Direct manual pressure over bleeding source < 60 s or Tourniquet < 90 s |
A-B -Airway -Breathing | Blocked airway Apnea without airway management | Simulated chewing gum applied in the upper airway. Recorded sound with signs of blocked airway, released when airway was secured. Cyanosis when blocked airway, blue light in the face, removed when secured airway. Air stream on exhalation at secured airway The chest moves up and down at the open airway, Respiration rate 20/minutes | Inspect the oral cavity, Jaw Thrust < 90 s or Oro-pharyngeal airway < 90 s |
C -Circulation | Hypotension and tachycardia | Heart rate 130/minutes. Blood pressure 70/40 mmHg Pale skin color and simulated sweat. Palpable pulse A, carotid | |
D -Disability | Unconscious does not react to pain. Equal pupils on the right and left sides | Does not respond to contact. Does not react to painful stimuli. Pupils same size, responsive and react to light | |
E Exposure | Wound injury in the back of head. Inwardly rotated legs. Blood on the legs. | Made-up wound injury back of the head. Legs inwardly rotated | Secondary outcome Examine the entire body head to toe, Pelvic sling in 10 min, mean time until completed |