Table 2 The characteristics of the retrieved papers in a systematic review of hospital staff members’ readiness for patient evacuation during emergencies

[1]

Mary A et al.

Assessing caregivers’ attitudes toward systems, tools, and evacuation readiness as well as their readiness to evacuate critical care units both before and during a disaster.

cross-sectional

USA

ICU providers could benefit from being included in hospital evacuation plans and training in future critical care evacuation planning, the creation of standardized tools and procedures for evacuation communication, and the collection of a common dataset from all hospitals that are evacuating.

STROBE

[2]

Megan M et al.

To inform the learning objectives of training programs for reacting to emergencies and safely evacuating patients, evidence-based knowledge is required…

Angoff method  (Expert panel)

USA

Decision balance, communicating in hazardous situations, and anticipating future issues should all be covered in advanced nursing education to ensure that charge and resource nurses can support bedside nurses during evacuation events.

CASP

[3]

Megan M et al.

To prepare pediatric nurses for the evacuation of a sick baby from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatric emergency department (ED), a comparison between live evacuation simulations and prerecorded narrated multimedia lectures was conducted.

randomized control group design using post-training clinical simulation

USA

When compared to multimedia lectures, virtual simulation was well-received by nurses and could be a useful addition to nursing education on the evacuation of infant patients in the event of a crisis.

JBI

[4]

Sarah B et al.

(1) Examine the experiences and reactions of personnel intending to shelter, fragile Hurricane Katrina evacuees; and (2) Determine ways to improve planning and training for personnel who might assist elderly, frail patients during and after catastrophes.

semi-structured interviews

USA

Providing residents and evacuees with emotional assistance in addition to physical care during and after disasters should be emphasized in long-term care staff training.

CASB

[5]

Erika L et al.

There are currently highly robust ICU evacuation plans in place for the National Public Hospital System in the event of a fire.

cross-sectional survey- prospective questionnaire-based study

Sweden

More focus is required on identifying the risk associated with unpreparedness. When producing high-quality work in the ICU is the aim, then the general leadership and medical staff readiness for an emergency ICU evacuation should be part of that effort.

STROBE

[6]

Bruno P et al.

Patient-centered planning for a medical facility’s evacuation

cross-sectional survey

USA

The study’s findings can be used by healthcare facilities to project the resources they will need in the event of an emergency evacuation. This will make it possible for the Incident Management Team to assemble the community’s and hospital’s resources needed to guarantee the safest possible patient evacuation.

STROBE

[7]

Parra C et al.

(1) to ascertain whether Spanish PED have documented disaster plans; (2) to delineate the nature of these preparations; and (3) to ascertain whether they encompassed pediatric casualties.

Observational descriptive multicenter study

Spain

The outcome demonstrated the necessity for enhanced catastrophe response preparations.

STROBE

[8]

Schnitker L, et al.

to examine how Australian residential aged care facilities (RACFs) prepared for natural disasters, with a particular emphasis on issues that affected dementia patients.

cross-sectional

Australian

The findings demonstrated that facilities must have sufficient procedures and plans in place to reduce the likelihood of natural disasters.

STROBE

[9]

Thomas A, et al.

Transporting the patient safely and efficiently is the main objective of pediatric patient evacuation.

Intervention/simulation

USA

The findings indicated that Nurses felt more equipped to properly evacuate a seriously ill

JBI

[10]

VanDevanter N, et al.

To investigate the obstacles and resources faced by nurses in performing their duties, as well as the implications for nursing education and disaster preparedness.

cross-sectional

USA

More practical disaster planning activities should be incorporated into disaster preparedness curriculum in nursing schools and practice settings.

STROBE

[11]

Paul H. L et al.

To assess the efficacy of an online course on fire safety and evacuation for healthcare professionals in China.

randomized controlled trial using convenience sampling

China

Healthcare personnel’s understanding of fire safety and evacuation can be significantly increased by an online fire training program that is offered via instructional videos.

JBI

[12]

Xu L et al.

To outline the adverse events (AE) that patients under the unified government organization experienced during the Yushu earthquake, evaluate the operation’s achievements, and provide a comprehensive knowledge of its shortcomings.

The study was an observational, retrospective investigation

China

After significant disasters, a large number of patients can be safely and effectively evacuated by Aeromedical vehicles. However, issues like a shortage of appropriate Aeromedical vehicles and medical supplies, along with a lack of professional medical training in patient evacuation, were made evident following the Yushu earthquake.

STORBE

[13]

Hiroko M et al.

To understand the effects of PHNs’ independent work as well as the various roles they play in evacuation shelters over time following a disaster.

semi-structured interviews

Japan

Allocating human resources is a crucial part of providing post-disaster support to community members.

CASB

[14]

Gloria G et al.

To clarify the shared interpretations that the perinatal nurses had of their experiences as nurses during Hurricane Katrina when they were delivering treatment in the New Orleans area

Qualitative  (Semi-structured, in-depth interview)

USA

The key assets include a strong foundation in basic nursing, natural problem resolution, and a feeling of cohesion among staff members. Continuous supportive interventions are necessary for nurses and other caregivers to recover from and manage symptoms related to exposure to trauma.

CASB

[15]

Kelly R et al.

To compile the evidence that currently exists indicating how adequately prepared nurses are for disasters in developing nations.

descriptive

USA

The nursing profession must recognize its importance in the catastrophe domain and take on leadership positions constantly as the number of disasters rises.

STROBE

[16]

Claire P.  et al.

This study examined the experiences of the evacuees and found lessons that could be applied to disaster preparation in the future.

Qualitative study

New Zealand

Older persons expressed anxiety, and caregivers reported cognitive issues. Communication issues were a big worry.

CASB

[17]

Timothy P. et al.

To learn more about the experiences of Veterans Health Administration (VHA) professionals and veterans with SCI/D concerning recent natural disasters, as well as to pinpoint lessons learned for SCI/D-related disaster preparedness and response.

Qualitative study  Semi-structured interview

USA

During disasters, patients with spinal cord injuries and their healthcare professionals encounter urgent requirements even with good planning, so it’s important to figure out how to coordinate care. Lessons gained are meant to alert medical professionals who treat patients with spinal cord injuries or disorders about potential future hazards.

CASB

[18]

Yuko K  et al.

We examined how our hospital operated during the first ten days following the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident.

Quantitative

Japan

Future hospital planning for nuclear catastrophes should account for the scarcity of personnel and medical supplies required to sustain at least five days of isolation.

STROBE