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Table 1 Patient characteristics and outcome on visiting ED and hospital admission within 72 h, n (%)

From: The non-conveyance of trauma patients in Swedish emergency medical services: a retrospective observational study of the trauma population not transported to an emergency department

 

All non-

conveyed

p-value

Primary Care Referral

p-value1

ED

Visit

p-value1

Hospital Admission

p-value1

Total

837 (100)

 

132 (100)

 

136 (100)

 

44 (100)

 

Sex

Male

419 (50)

 

70 (53)

0,096

76 (56)

0,045

23 (52)

0,823

Female

397 (47)

 

62 (47)

 

60 (44)

 

21 (48)

 
 

Missing

21 (3)

 

0 (0)

 

0 (0)

 

0 (0)

 

Age Median (Q1, Q3)

48 (22, 74)

 

56 (27, 79)

0,026

52 (28, 78)

0,051

76 (51, 84)

< 0,001*

Age/Sex

Male

41 (21, 70)

< 0,001*

51 (21, 76)

0,069

51 (27, 78)

0,381

70 (45, 81)

0,204

Female

52 (28, 78)

 

58 (32, 82)

 

55 (28, 79)

 

79 (66, 86)

 

Age Group

0–17

142 (17)

 

17 (13)

0,078

13 (10)

0,031

3 (7)

< 0,001*

18–39

210 (25)

 

33 (25)

 

41 (30)

 

5 (11)

 

40–64

181 (22)

 

22 (17)

 

25 (18)

 

6 (14)

 

65–79

155 (19)

 

32 (24)

 

31 (23)

 

15 (34)

 

80+

135 (16)

 

28 (21)

 

26 (19)

 

15 (34)

 
 

Missing

14 (2)

 

0 (0)

 

0 (0)

 

0 (0)

 

Time of Dispatch

08:00–17:00

358 (43)

 

94 (71)

< 0,001*

66 (49)

0,090

25 (57)

0,184

17:00–00:00

320 (38)

 

27 (20)

 

53 (39)

 

13 (30)

 
 

00:00–08:00

157 (19)

 

10 (8)

 

17 (13)

 

6 (14)

 

EMS Dispatch Priority

1

273 (33)

 

43 (33)

0,188

32 (24)

0,038

7 (16)

0,022

2

521 (62)

 

78 (59)

 

97 (71)

 

33 (75)

 

3

43 (5)

 

11 (8)

 

7 (5)

 

4 (9)

 

Medical History

No prior illness

492 (59)

 

82 (62)

0,685

66 (49)

0,003

14 (32)

< 0,001*

Circulatory

187 (22)

 

38 (29)

0,110

40 (29)

0,104

21 (48)

< 0,001*

Diabetes

52 (6)

 

15 (11)

0,024

11 (8)

0,536

4 (9)

0,492

Pulmonary

48 (6)

 

5 (4)

0,298

15 (11)

0,022

7 (16)

0,021

Psychiatric

131 (16)

 

15 (11)

0,136

25 (18)

0,572

11 (25)

0,210

Other

279 (33)

 

43 (33)

0,469

61 (45)

0,010

28 (64)

< 0,001*

Missing

66 (8)

 

7 (5)

 

9 (7)

 

2 (5)

 

Mechanism of Injury

Traffic

157 (19)

 

22 (17)

0,812

20 (15)

0,585

0 (0)

< 0,001*

Violence

123 (15)

 

17 (13)

 

18 (13)

 

4 (9)

 

Fall

386 (46)

 

65 (49)

 

67 (49)

 

28 (64)

 

Other

156 (19)

 

24 (18)

 

26 (19)

 

10 (23)

 

Missing

15 (2)

 

4 (3)

 

5 (4)

 

2 (5)

 

Location

Domestic

428 (51)

 

62 (47)

0,342

64 (47)

0,539

28 (64)

0,025

School/Work

24 (3)

 

5 (4)

 

5 (4)

 

0 (0)

 

Public

293 (35)

 

46 (35)

 

46 (34)

 

6 (14)

 

Leisure

42 (5)

 

8 (6)

 

10 (7)

 

3 (7)

 

Other

16 (2)

 

0 (0)

 

2 (1)

 

1 (2)

 

Missing

37 (4)

 

11 (8)

 

10 (7)

 

6 (14)

 
  1. 1p-value for categories calculated using Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact Test. P-value for medians calculated using Mann-Whitney U Test. p < 0,001 was considered statistically significant.
  2. 2p-value calculated using Kruskal-Wallis H Test.