Antibiotics | Imaging | |
---|---|---|
URI type | ||
URI NOS (Referent) | ||
Nasopharyngitis, laryngitis, or influenza | 0.434 | 0.517 |
Bronchitis | 11.333* | 3.608* |
Multiple URI Dx | 4.796* | 1.017 |
Vital Signs at presentation | ||
Temperature > 100.4 | 2.777* | 1.450 |
Tachycardia | 0.674 | 1.038 |
SBP > 160 or DBP > 100 | 0.670 | 1.044 |
Characteristics of visit | ||
Moderate or severe pain | 1.212 | 1.436 |
Waiting time > 2 hrs | 1.917* | 1.116 |
Not seen by a physician | 1.348 | 0.589 |
Season (Fall as referent) | ||
Spring | 0.733 | 1.504 |
Summer | 0.718 | 1.508 |
Winter | 0.746 | 1.461 |
Demographics | ||
41-64 years of age (vs. 18–40) | 1.432 | 2.300* |
Female | 0.464* | 1.326 |
Race/ethnicity (Non-hispanic white as referent) | ||
Non-hispanic black | 0.961 | 1.131 |
Other races and ethnicities | 1.012 | 1.119 |
Source of payment | ||
Private insurance | 0.491 | 3.532* |
Medicare | 0.356 | 2.982* |
Medicaid | 0.715 | 2.303 |
Self pay | 0.558 | 1.618 |
Other source of payment | 0.597 | 2.557 |
Geographic location | ||
Metropolitan statistical areas | 0.835 | 2.295* |
Region (Northeast as Referent) | ||
Midwest | 1.101 | 1.044 |
South | 1.814 | 0.934 |
West | 0.773 | 0.754 |