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Table 3 High-Acuity Patients in the Pak-NEDS Study, Based on Vital Signs and Selected Presenting Complaints (patients >12 years)

From: How vital are the vital signs? a multi-center observational study from emergency departments of Pakistan

Presenting complaints

N (% of total sample n = 259288)

Abnormal Shock Index

Low GCS or Altered Consciousness

Abnormal Temperature

Abnormal RR or abnormal SpO2

Very High Blood Pressure

  

(N, % of each complaint)

Fever

31554 (12.2)

4050 (12.8)

--

8319 (26.4)

--

--

Abdominal pain

23170 (8.9)

1945 (8.4)

--

--

--

--

Chest pain

20130 (7.8)

2678 (13.3)

--

--

--

69 (0.3)

Vomiting

10629 (4.1)

1084 (10.2)

--

--

--

--

Diarrhea

5954 (2.3)

765 (12.9)

--

--

--

--

Back pain

8239 (3.2)

--

--

--

--

22 (0.3)

Head/face/neck injury

13309 (5.0)

--

746 (5.6)

--

--

--

Headache

9516 (3.7)

--

188 (2.0)

--

--

--

Shortness of breath

8548 (3.3)

--

--

--

994 (11.6)

--

  1. Note:
  2. • GCS = Gaslow Coma Scale; RR = Respiratory Rate; SpO2 = Oxygen saturation
  3. • Ranges for reported vital signs in this table are as follows: Abnormal shock index="shock index<0.5 or >0.7"; Low GCS="3≤GCS≤12"; Abnormal temperature="<36.5°C (97.8 °F) or > 38°C (100.4 °F)"; Abnormal RR="RR<12/min or >18/min"; Abnormal SpO2 = "SpO2 ≤94%"; Very high blood pressure="Systolic Blood Pressure >180 mm/Hg"