Table 1 Characteristics of study population according to favourable (FO) and unfavourable (UO) neurological outcome
All (n = 384) | Survivors (n = 153) | Non-survivors (n = 231) | P Value | FO (n = 138) | UO (n = 246) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 62 [52–75] | 58 [49–70] | 66 [54–78] | < 0.001 | 58 [50–69] | 66 [53–77] | < 0.001 |
Weight, kg | 77 [67–85] | 78 [70–87] | 75 [65–85] | 0.360 | 78 [70–88] | 75 [65–85] | 0.076 |
Male, n (%) | 270 (70) | 114 (75) | 156 (67) | 0.110 | 103 (75) | 167 (68) | 0.165 |
Comorbidities | |||||||
Chronic hypertension, n (%) | 175 (46) | 71 (46) | 104 (45) | 0.790 | 63 (46) | 112 (45) | 0.981 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 95 (25) | 33 (22) | 62 (26) | 0.241 | 28 (20) | 67 (27) | 0.130 |
Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 81 (21) | 30 (20) | 51 (22) | 0.561 | 29 (21) | 52 (21) | 0.977 |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 168 (44) | 60 (39) | 108 (47) | 0.145 | 56 (40) | 112 (45) | 0.348 |
Neurological disease, n (%) | 64 (16) | 17 (11) | 47 (20) | 0.028 | 14 (10) | 50 (20) | 0.011 |
Liver cirrhosis, n (%) | 21 (6) | 4 (3) | 17 (7) | 0.045 | 4 (3) | 17 (7) | 0.097 |
COPD/asthma, n (%) | 66 (17) | 23 (15) | 43 (18) | 0.362 | 20 (14) | 46 (19) | 0.294 |
Presentation rhythm, n (%) | |||||||
VF-VT, n (%) | 151 (39) | 89 (55) | 62 (27) | < 0.001 | 83 (60) | 68 (27) | < 0.001 |
Unknown, n (%) | 23 (6) | 8 (5) | 15 (6) | 0.941 | 6 (4) | 17 (7) | 0.875 |
Out of hospital CA, n (%) | 215 (56) | 84 (55) | 131 (57) | 0.675 | 76 (55) | 139 (56) | 0.739 |
Time to ROSC, min | 15 [7–25] | 12 [5–20] | 18 [10–25] | 0.002 | 12 [5–20] | 17 [10–25] | 0.005 |
Epinephrine, mg | 3 [2–6] | 2 [1–4] | 4 [2–7] | < 0.001 | 2 [1–4] | 4 [2–7] | < 0.001 |
Witnessed CA, n (%) | 323 (84) | 138 (90) | 185 (80) | 0.006 | 124 (90) | 199 (81) | 0.021 |
Bystander CPR, n (%) | 255 (66) | 138 (90) | 117 (50) | 0.001 | 107 (77) | 148 (60) | 0.001 |
Cardiac origin of arrest, n (%) | 230 (60) | 105 (69) | 125 (54) | 0.004 | 97 (70) | 133 (54) | 0.002 |
During ICU stay | |||||||
AKI, n (%) | 231 (60) | 77 (50) | 154 (67) | 0.001 | 69 (50) | 162 (66) | 0.002 |
Vasopressor use, n (%) | 278 (72) | 97 (63) | 181 (78) | 0.001 | 88 (64) | 190 (77) | 0.005 |
Dobutamine use, n (%) | 202 (53) | 77 (50) | 125 (54) | 0.252 | 69 (50) | 133 (54) | 0.321 |
Hypothermia, n (%) | 339 (88) | 131 (85) | 208 (90) | < 0.001 | 119 (86) | 220 (89) | 0.435 |
Sepsis, n (%) | 118 (31) | 45 (29) | 73 (32) | 0.649 | 40 (29) | 78 (31) | 0.579 |
IABP, n (%) | 28 (7) | 8 (5) | 20 (8) | 0.206 | 7 (5) | 21 (8) | 0.210 |
ECMO, n (%) | 53 (14) | 20 (13) | 33 (14) | 0.736 | 19 (14) | 34 (14) | 0.988 |
CRRT, n (%) | 60 (16) | 25 (16) | 35 (15) | 0.754 | 22 (16) | 38 (15) | 0.898 |
Shock, n (%) | 207 (54) | 66 (43) | 141 (61) | 0.001 | 61 (44) | 146 (59) | 0.004 |
Steroid therapy, n (%) | 74 (19) | 24 (16) | 50 (22) | 0.147 | 23 (17) | 51 (21) | 0.333 |
RBC transfusion, n (%) | 99 (26) | 42 (28) | 57 (24) | 0.543 | 37 (27) | 62 (25) | 0.730 |
Blood sample on admission | |||||||
Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.2 [0.9–1.6] | 1.1 [0.9–1.6] | 1.3 [0.9–1.7] | 0.095 | 1.1 [0.9–1.6] | 1.2 [0.9–1.7] | 0.082 |
Lactate, mg/dL | 4.4 [2.8–7.9] | 3.9 [2.5–5.6] | 4.9 [3.1–8.7] | < 0.001 | 3.9 [2.5–5.7] | 4.6 [6.0–8.5] | 0.003 |
CRP, mg/L | 11.0 [3.6–53.2] | 9.0 [2.9–49.3] | 12.5 [4.0–59.0] | 0.039 | 7 [2.3–33.1] | 15.1 [4.3–64.5] | 0.001 |
PLT, *103cells/mm3 | 193 [131–266] | 196 [133–269] | 193 [133–261] | 0.654 | 197 [134–264] | 194 [130–268] | 0.499 |
MPV, μm3 | 8.3 [7.6–9.2] | 8.4 [7.7–9.2] | 8.4 [7.6–9.3] | 0.770 | 8.3 [7.7–9.2] | 8.4 [7.6–9.3] | 0.864 |
PCT, % | 0.2 [0.1–0.2] | 0.2 [0.1–0.2] | 0.2 [0.1–0.2] | 0.675 | 0.2 [0–1-0.2] | 0.2 [0.1–0.2] | 0.774 |
PDW, % | 17.0 [16.3–17.3] | 17.0 [16.2–17.3] | 17.0 [16.4–17.4] | 0.422 | 16.8 [16.2–17.3] | 16.9 [16.4–17.4] | 0.628 |
ICU length of stay, days | 4 [2–8] | 7 [4–13] | 4 [2–7] | < 0.001 | 6 [4–12] | 4 [2–8] | < 0.001 |