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Table 1 Demographics, lifestyle, comorbidities and health care coverage data of the study sample

From: Public knowledge of emergency medicine in Beirut, Lebanon

 

TOTAL N = 249

Demographic

 Age

Mean (±SD)

44.5 ± 13.9

> 40

156 (62.7)

 Gender

Females

152 (61.0)

 Marital status

Married

173 (69.5)

 BMIa

≥30

103 (41.4)

 Income

< 600 $

77 (33.6)

600–999.9$

81 (35.4)

> 1000$

71 (31.0)

 Education

Above intermediate

91 (36.7)

 Crowding index

≥1

210 (84.3)

Lifestyle

 Smoking

 

116 (46.6)

 Alcohol

 

73 (29.3)

 Sleep apnea (Berlin questionnaire)

Low risk

145 (69.4)

High risk

64 (30.6)

 Sleep difficulties

Never – rarely

83 (33.3)

Sometimes – frequently

59 (23.7)

Almost always (16–30/ month)

107 (43.0)

 Physical activity

None physical activity

38 (15.3)

Any physical activity

211 (84.7)

 Levels of physical activity

Low-intensity activity

119 (47.8)

Moderate-intensity activity

82 (32.9)

High-intensity activity

48 (19.3)

 Insomnia

 

100 (40.2)

Comorbidities

 Any cardiac diseaseb

 

20 (8.0)

 Previous cardiac catheterization

 

18 (7.2)

 Cardiac stent placement

 

4 (1.6)

 Cardiac Bypass surgery

 

1 (0.4)

 Thyroid disease

 

26 (10.4)

 Cancer

 

2 (0.8)

 Bone fracture

 

58 (23.3)

 Other diseases reported by a doctor

 

21 (8.4)

 Stroke

 

2 (0.8)

 Arthritis

 

45 (18.1)

 Chronic bronchitis/emphysema

 

10 (4.0)

 Liver disease

 

7 (2.8)

 Definite diabetes

 

34 (13.7)

 Dyslipidemia

 

65 (26.1)

 Hypertension

 

92 (36.9)

 Acute Diseasec

 

27 (20.3)

 Any diseased

 

133 (53.4)

Health care coverage

 Health insurance

No

122 (49.4)

Private insurance

22 (8.9)

NSSFe

103 (41.7)

 Insurance cover emergency care

 

53 (54.1)

 Ever been to an ED

 

141 (58.3)

 Hospital visits

AUBMC

57 (57.0)

Other

43 (43.0)

 Frequency of hospital visits

Never

101 (45.9)

Once

57 (25.9)

≥ Twice

62 (28.2)

  1. aBMI: Body Mass Index
  2. bAny cardiac: previous cardiac catheterization, stent placed, bypass, stroke
  3. cDisease acute: if any disease = yes, is it an acute one (fracture or stroke)
  4. dAny disease: if any of any cardiac disease, acute disease, HTN or DM is positive
  5. eNSSF: National Social Security Fund (the universal health care provided to the working class by the Lebanese government)