Table 1 PICO model

P

Study participants (patients)

Diagnostic imaging operators (sonographers, physicians)

I

Point-of-care ultrasound (in Emergency Department, patient bedside, or prehospital setting)

For clinically suspected upper or lower limb fracture

C

Gold standard diagnostic imaging (X-ray, CT scan or MRI)

O

Diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value)

Patient outcomes (management, comparative time to diagnosis, user perspectives)