Table 1 Chinese prehospital delay studies published in English language (2016–2004)
Reference | Zhang B et al. 2016 [15] | Peny YG et al. 2014 [10] | Wang X and Hsu L 2013 [13] | Gao Y and Zhang HJ 2013 [9] | Qian L et al. 2013 [11] | Song L et al. 2010 [12] | Zhang S et al. 2009 [16] | Wu Y et al. 2004 [14] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Title | Gender and Age Differences Associated with Prehospital Delay in Chinese Patients presenting with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction | Factors associated with prehospital delay in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction | Treatment-seeking delays in patients with acute myocardial infarction and use of the emergency medical service | The effect of symptoms on prehospital delay time in patients with acute myocardial infarction | Factors associated with decision time for patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction | Impact of patients’ symptom interpretation on care-seeking behaviors of patients with acute myocardial infarction | Use of Emergency Medical Services in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction in China | Factors associated with the extent of care-seeking delay for patients with acute myocardial infarction in Beijing |
Setting/ No. of hospitals | Liaoning Province/ 20 | Beijing/ 1 | Shanghai/ 3 | Jinzhou/ 1 | Whenzhou/ 1 | Beijing/ 19 | Beijing/ 21 | Beijing/ 8 |
Study | prospective, cross-sectional, multi-center | cross-sectional | cross-sectional, multi-center | cross-sectional | cross-sectional | cross-sectional, multi-center | prospective, cross-sectional, multi-center | cross-sectional, multi-center |
Sample size, diagnosis | n = 1429, STEMI | n = 1088, STEMI | n = 250, AMI | n = 116, AMI | n = 100, AMI | n = 799, STEMI | n = 803, AMI | n = 102. AMI |
Reported results | ||||||||
 Sex | 27.2% female | 24.9% female | 36.4% female | 27.6% female | 26% female | 21.1% female | 22.0% female | 23.5% female |
 Mean age (+/− SD) | – | 60.94 yrs (+/−12.8) | 63.5 yrs | 64.1 yrs (+/− 13.9) | 65.7 yrs (+/− 12.7) | 61 yrs (+/−  13) | – | 62 yrs (+/−  12) |
 Years of education | 65.7% (>  6 yrs) | 47.2% (>  9 yrs) | 78.0% (> 6 yrs) | – | 38% (> 6 yrs) | 16.3% (≥12 yrs) | 57.2% (> 6 yrs) | 75.5% (>  9 yrs) |
 Insurance | 58.1% | – | 88.8% | – | 89.0% | 76.2% | 73.7% | – |
 Reinfarction | 7.3% | 24% | 10.8% | 33.6% | – | 9.5% | 9.5% | 11.8% |
 Chest pain | 73.8% | 84.7% | – | 68.1% | – | 82.1% | 87.6% | 87.3% |
 Angina | 28.4% | – | – | – | 24.0% | – | 25.9% | 33.3% |
 EMS-use | – | 59% | 30.8% | – | – | 33.0% | 39.5% | 14.7% |
 Median delay time | 150 min | 130 min | 130min* Median patient decision time | 132 min | – | 140 min | – | – |
 Delay > 2 h | 53.7% | 51.4% | – | 66.7% | – | 55.4% | – | 63% |