Study | Year | Study site | Trial registration number | Treatment groups and Sample size | Maximum Altitude | Starting altitude | Ascent mode | Total ascent duration | AMS definition | Severe AMS definition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zheng et al. | 2014 | Litang County, Sichuan Province, China | ChiCTR-PRC-13003296 | BUD (n = 42). DEX (n = 39). Placebo (n = 43). | 4200 m | 650 m | Car | 4 days | LLS ≥ 3 with headache | LLS ≥ 5 |
Chen et al. | 2015 | Lhasa, Tibet, China | ChiCTRPRC-12,002,748 | BUD (n = 20). PRO (n = 20). B/F (n = 20). Placebo (n = 20). | 3700 m | 500 m | By air | 2.5 h | LLS ≥ 3 with headache | LLS ≥ 5 |
Berger et al. | 2017 | Capanna Regina Margherita, Monte Rosa, Italy | NCT02811016 | BUD 200 μg (n = 16). BUD 800 μg (n = 17). Placebo (n = 17). | 4559 m | 1130 m | Rope way and Hiking | 20 h | LLS ≥ 5 plus AMS-C score ≥ 0.70. However, separate analysis using LLS ≥ 3 with headache was also done. We included latter for analysis. | We included LLS ≥ 5 plus AMS-C score ≥ 0.70 for analysis of severe AMS. |
Lipman et al. | 2017 | White Mountains of California, USA | NCT02604173 | Placebo (n = 35). AZ (n = 35). BUD (n = 33). | 3810 m | 1240 m | Car and Hiking | 4 h | LLS ≥ 3 with headache | LLS ≥ 5 |
Wang et al. | 2018 | Litang County, Sichuan Province, China | CHiCTR-PRC-16008441 | I/S (n = 30). BUD (n = 31). SAL (n = 30). Placebo (n = 30). | 4000 m | 2000 m | Car | 3 days | LLS ≥ 3 with headache | LLS ≥ 5 |