Table 2 Research questions identified in phase 2
Q1 | What are the characteristics of people requiring urgent / emergent care in a particular setting? Groups 1 and 2 including pre-hospital deaths |
Q2 | What are the obstacles to implementing EC registry / trauma registry-based systems in LMICs? Groups 1, 2 and 3 |
Q3 | How do we describe the journey of a patient through ECS in order to identify barriers to care? Groups 1, 2 and 3. Group 3 includes access differentials imposed by income, geography and discrimination |
Q4 | Triage: • Where triage systems are existent, what is the accuracy of the triaging system? • Where triage systems do not exist, what are the barriers to implementing triaging systems? • What is the effect of triage on patient outcomes and ECS workload? |
Q5 | How to develop setting specific, best practice clinical guidelines for emergency care? Group 1 |
Q6 | What is the cost effectiveness of Emergency Care as delivered across the health system (including pre-hospital, emergency unit, inpatient and ICU settings)?Groups 2 and 3 |
Q7 | What are the best quality and access indicators for Emergency Care in LMICs that engage the different stakeholders i.e. community, patients, providers and policy makers? (Groups 2 and 3 also need to measure access of low income groups and return attenders). |
Q8 | How do you asses the unintended consequences of changing emergency Care systems? Group 2 |
Q9 | What is the impact of pre-hospital care as designed by the WHO ECSA in a country where it previously did not exist? Group 3 |
Q10 | How can countries meet the adequate staffing for Emergency Care delivery including issues of retention, burn out and staff safety? Group 3 |
Q11 | What is the impact of interfacility transfers on cost and effectiveness of the Emergency Care System? Group 3 |