Early detection of non-invasive ventilation failure among acute respiratory failure patients in the emergency department

Table 3 Distribution of NIV failure vs NIV success into low, moderate and high probability categories, likelihood ratio of positive (LHR+) and 95% confidence interval (CI)

Probability categories	Score	Failure N = 92		Success N = 237		LHR+	95% CI	p-value
Probability categories	Score	N	%	N	%	LHR+	95% CI	p-value
Low	0–1	45	50.00	198	83.54	0.60	0.48–0.74	< 0.001
Moderate	2–4	35	38.89	36	15.19	1.70	1.15–2.50	0.006
High	> 5	10	11.11	3	1.27	8.78	2.47–31.17	< 0.001
Mean ± SD		0.77 ± 1.04		2.09 ± 1.93				< 0.001

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