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Table 5 Relationship between surgical resource consumption, sex, age, vital signs and Red Cross Wound Score (RCWS)

From: Predicting surgical resource consumption and in-hospital mortality in resource-scarce conflict settings: a retrospective study

Surgical resource consumption

Univariate analysis

Complete cases

Total = 834

Logistic regression analysis

Complete cases

Total = 834

Low

Total = 472

n (%)

Higha

Total = 362

n (%)

P value

All confounders

1 = Higha

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P value

Final model (Wald)

1 = Higha

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P value

Sex

  

1.000

    

 Male

418 (88.6)

320 (88.4)

 

1

   

 Female

54 (11.4)

42 (11.6)

 

1.14 (0.68–1.90)

0.626

  

Age

  

0.710

    

 15–49 years

433 (91.7)

329 (90.9)

 

1

   

  > 49

39 (8.3)

33 (9.1)

 

1.23 (0.70–2.17)

0.466

  

Time since injury

  

0.152

    

 0–6 h

15 (3.2)

21 (5.8)

 

1

   

 7–24 h

203 (43.0)

159 (43.9)

 

0.68 (0.30–1.54)

0.352

  

  > 24 h

254 (53.8)

182 (50.3)

 

0.66 (0.29–1.52)

0.327

  

Systolic blood pressure

  

0.004

    

  > 89 mmHg

464 (98.3)

341 (94.2)

 

1

   

 76–89

5 (1.1)

10 (2.8)

 

1.16 (0.33–4.11)

0.931

  

 0–75

3 (0.6)

11 (3.0)

 

1.65 (0.44–6.20)

0.821

  

Respiratory rate

  

0.446

    

 10–29/min

458 (97.0)

347 (95.9)

 

1

   

  ≤ 9

 

  

  ≥ 30

14 (3.0)

15 (4.1)

 

0.88 (0.37–2.09)

0.772

  

Glasgow Coma Scale

  

0.077

    

 13–15

465 (98.5)

347 (95.8)

 

1

   

 9–12

4 (0.9)

10 (2.8)

 

1.09 (0.31–3.87)

0.896

  

 6–8

2 (0.4)

4 (1.1)

 

1.60 (0.22–11.65)

0.644

  

  ≤ 5

1 (0.2)

1 (0.3)

 

0.84 (0.05–15.76)

0.906

  

RCWS grade

  

< 0.001

    

 1 (simple)

266 (56.4)

83 (22.9)

 

1

 

1

 

 2 (medium)

185 (39.2)

178 (49.2)

 

2.60 (1.81–3.74)

< 0.001

2.63 (1.84–3.76)

< 0.001

 3 (large)

21 (4.4)

101 (27.9)

 

11.60 (6.61–20.36)

< 0.001

11.94 (6.85–20.80)

< 0.001

RCWS type

  

< 0.001

    

 Soft tissue

220 (46.6)

67 (18.5)

 

1

 

1

 

 Fracture

164 (34.8)

180 (49.7)

 

2.39 (1.62–3.54)

< 0.001

2.32 (1.58–3.41)

< 0.001

 Threatening life

59 (12.5)

45 (12.4)

 

2.16 (1.27–3.67)

0.005

2.20 (1.31–3.72)

0.003

 Threatening life/limb

29 (6.1)

70 (19.4)

 

4.67 (2.61–834)

< 0.001

4.80 (2.77–8.33)

< 0.001

Additional severe injuriesb

  

< 0.001

    

 No

439 (93.0)

288 (79.6)

 

1

 

1

 

 Yes

33 (7.0)

74 (20.4)

 

2.90 (1.83–4.89)

< 0.001

3.00 (1.85–4.88)

< 0.001

  1. aDefined as ≥3 surgical procedures under anesthesia or ≥ 3 blood transfusions or limb amputation; bCorresponding to Abbreviated Injury Score ≥ 2