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Table 2 Unadjusted and adjusted associations between patient characteristics and hospital admission, emergency department patients, Ontario, Canada, April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2020

From: Examining the association between paramedic transport to the emergency department and hospital admission: a population-based cohort study

Characteristic

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

Intercept

0.02 (0.02–0.02)

Mode of transportation, paramedic transfer

6.61 (6.59–6.62)

3.76 (3.74–3.77)

Sex, male

1.15 (1.14–1.16)

1.16 (1.16–1.17)

Age, years

 18–39

 40–64

1.89 (1.88–1.89)

1.57 (1.56–1.58)

 65–105

5.82 (5.80–5.84)

3.29 (3.28–3.31)

Acuity, CTASa

 Emergent

21.22 (21.01–21.34)

10.59 (10.52–10.66)

 Urgent

7.17 (7.12–7.21)

4.26 (4.23–4.29)

 Non-Urgent

Comorbiditiesb

 0–2

 3–5

3.48 (3.47–3.49)

1.55 (1.54–1.55)

 6–8

5.76 (5.67–5.86)

1.93 (1.89–1.97)

Diagnostic Category, ICD-10c,d

 Mental and Behavioural Disorders

 Diseases of Circulatory System

2.32 (2.31–2.34)

1.21 (1.20–1.22)

 Diseases of Respiratory System

0.74 (0.74–0.74)

0.73 (0.73–0.74)

 Diseases of Digestive System

1.31 (1.30–1.32)

1.63 (1.62–1.64)

 Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue

0.19 (0.19–1.20)

0.40 (0.40–0.40)

 Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue

0.13 (0.13–0.13)

0.17 (0.17–0.18)

 Diseases of Genitourinary System

0.49 (0.49–0.49)

0.55 (0.55–0.56)

 Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory Findings

0.43 (0.42–0.43)

0.30 (0.30–0.31)

 Injury, Poisoning and Certain Other Consequences of External Causes

0.23 (0.22–0.23)

0.27 (0.27–0.27)

 Factors Influencing Health Status and Contact with Health Services

0.09 (0.09–0.09)

0.20 (0.20–0.20)

 Other

0.63 (0.63–0.64)

0.71 (0.71–0.72)

Geographic location, urban

1.86 (1.85–1.86)

1.13 (1.12–1.13)

Concordance statistice

0.86 (0.85–0.86)

  1. OR Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, CTAS Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale
  2. aEmergent = CTAS 1, 2. Urgent = CATS 3. Non-Urgent = CTAS 4,5
  3. bTotal comorbidities present at ED visit, included: hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, congestive heart failure, bowel disease, cancer
  4. cInternational Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision
  5. dRepresents primary diagnosis of emergency department visit
  6. eReported as Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (95% CI)