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Table 7 Logistic regression model of EMS re-contact, primary health care facility/ED attendance, and hospitalization

From: EMS non-conveyance: A safe practice to decrease ED crowding or a threat to patient safety?

Odds Ratio Estimates

EMS re-contact

0–24 h

EMS re-contact

24–48 h

Visit to primary health care 0–24 h

Visit to primary

health care 24–48 h

Visit to ED

0–24 h

Visit to ED

24–48 h

Hospitalization

0–24 h

 

Adjusted OR (95%)

Adjusted OR (95%)

Adjusted OR (95%)

Adjusted OR (95%)

Adjusted OR (95%)

Adjusted OR (95%)

Adjusted OR (95%)

Mission priority

CD vs. AB

0.975 (0.814–1.168)

1.249 (0.930–1.676)

1.488 (1.254–1.767)

1.585 (1.167–2.155)

1.258 (1.007–1.571)

0.935 (0.570–1.534)

1.214 (0.752–1.961)

EMS arrival time

20:00–8:00 vs. 8:00–20:00

1.180 (1.007–1.383)

0.913 (0.714–1.168)

1.818 (1.579–2.094)

1.113 (0.872–1.420)

1.530 (1.269–1.845)

1.068 (0.685–1.664)

1.235 (0.838–1.819)

EMS units

ALS vs. BLS

0.933 (0.759–1.147)

0.972 (0.709–1.333)

1.431 (1.155–1.773)

1.123 (0.805–1.566)

0.612 (0.489–0.766)

0.737 (0.423–1.284)

1.132 (0.712–1.799)

Rural vs. urban

0.835 (0.709–0.983)

1.011 (0.790–1.293)

1.735 (1.511–1.993)

1.497 (1.175–1.907)

1.008 (0.834–1.219)

1.346 (0.866–2.090)

1.188 (0.802–1.761)

Age, years

  < 15 vs. 15–64

0.241 (0.099–0.590)

0.341 (0.107–1.086)

0.545 (0.341–0.871)

0.618 (0.284–1.347)

0.898 (0.552–1.459)

0.963 (0.289–3.211)

0.429 (0.119–1.543)

65–84 vs. 15–64

1.594 (1.326–1.917)

1.561 (1.177–2.071)

1.411 (1.203–1.656)

1.339 (1.015–1.765)

0.836 (0.676–1.033)

1.039 (0.616–1.753)

1.442 (0.918–2.267)

  > 85 vs. 15–64

1.712 (1.354–2.165)

1.507 (1.045–2.173)

1.147 (0.931–1.412)

0.994 (0.686–1.439)

0.828 (0.626–1.095)

1.427 (0.772–2.639)

2.139 (1.204–3.799)

Alcohol

1.370 (1.100–1.707)

1.376 (0.977–1.938)

0.373 (0.284–0.489)

0.433 (0.273–0.685)

0.567 (0.422–0.760)

0.622 (0.299–1.290)

0.723 (0.381–1.374)

Reason for non-conveyance

Patient was handed over to police vs. treatment at scene

1.086 (0.665–1.773)

0.836 (0.359–1.948)

0.539 (0.262–1.106)

0.211 (0.029–1.527)

2.161 (1.338–3.489)

2.157 (0.632–7.358)

0.773 (0.268–2.223)

Patient refused conveyance vs. treatment at scen

1.792 (1.370–2.344)

1.324 (0.837–2.093)

0.776 (0.544–1.107)

1.100 (0.653–1.853)

1.292 (0.899–1.856)

1.669 (0.746–3.733)

2.190 (1.073–4.471)

 

Univariate OR (95%)

Univariate OR (95%)

Univariate OR (95%)

Univariate OR (95%)

Univariate OR (95%)

Univariate OR (95%)

Univariate OR (95%)

Mission Priority

Non-urgent vs. urgent

1.089 (0.915–1.295)

1.367 (1.028–1.818)

1.493 (1.267–1.760)

1.587 (1.177–2.141)

1.217 (0.987–1.500)

0.981 (0.607–1.583)

1.402 (0.899–2.186)

EMS arrival time

20:00–8:00 vs. 8:00–20:00

1.160 (0.998–1.349)

0.951 (0.753–1.201)

1.748 (1.528–1.999)

1.079 (0.852–1.365)

1.433 (1.201–1.710)

0.984 (0.642–1.507)

1.199 (0.834–1.723)

EMS units

ALS vs. BLS

0.895 (0.736–1.089)

0.877 (0.649–1.184)

1.574 (1.285–1.928)

1.139 (0.825–1.572)

0.668 (0.542–0.824)

0.717 (0.430–1.196)

1.094 (0.713–1.680)

Rural vs. urban

0.874 (0.746–1.024)

0.952 (0.751–1.208)

1.763 (1.542–2.016)

1.541 (1.217–1.951)

0.928 (0.770–1.117)

1.229 (0.835–1.990)

1.249 (0.857–1.821)

Age, years

  < 15 vs. 15–64

0.191 (0.079–0.466)

0.299 (0.095–0.947)

0.720 (0.462–1.121)

0.745 (0.344–1.614)

0.894 (0.561–1.425)

0.947 (0.290–3.094)

0.420 (0.119–1.478)

65–84 vs. 15–64

1.381 (1.166–1.635)

1.535 (1.182–1.994)

1.681 (1.449–1.953)

1.645 (1.265–2.139)

0.851 (0.698–1.036)

1.000 (0.611–1.637)

1.587 (1.056–2.384)

  > 85 vs. 15–64

1.425 (1.154–1.760)

1.439 (1.032–2.007)

1.363 (1.121–1.657)

1.209 (0.846–1.727)

0.848 (0.654–1.100)

1.440 (0.820–2.532)

2.206 (1.310–3.715)

Alcohol

1.307 (1.080–1.581)

1.157 (0.854–1.569)

0.372 (0.290–0.479)

0.768 (0.591–0.998)

0.682 (0.352–1.321)

0.682 (0.352–1.321)

0.689 (0.391–1.211)

Reason for non-conveyance

Patient was handed over to police vs. treatment at scene

1.065 (0.665–1.707)

0.804 (0.355–1.822)

0.357 (0.189–0.672)

0.121 (0.017–0.866)

1.851 (1.198–2.861)

1.455 (0.456–4.642)

0.657 (0.254–1.699)

Patient refused conveyance vs. treatment at scene

1.794 (1.390–2.315)

1.293 (0.831–2.012)

0.537 (0.380–0.760)

0.834 (0.501–1.390)

1.205 (0.854–1.699)

1.374 (0.631–2.992)

1.763 (0.899–3.455)