All patients (n = 225) | No prehospital hypercapnia (n = 93) | Prehospital hypercapnia (n = 132) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) – median (IQR) | 86 (78–90) | 86 (77–90) | 86 (79–90) | 0.554 |
Sex (f) – n (%) | 143 (63.6) | 51 (54.8) | 92 (69.7) | 0.023 |
Therapeutic limitation – n (%) | 113 (50.2) | 44 (47.3) | 69 (52.3) | 0.464 |
Week-end intervention – n (%) | 70 (31.1) | 34 (36.6) | 36 (27.7) | 0.138 |
Night intervention – n (%) | 114 (50.67) | 41 (44.1) | 73 (55.3) | 0.245 |
Length of intervention (min) – median (IQR) | 39 (34–47) | 42 (35–47) | 38 (34–46.5) | 0.187 |
Personal history – n (%) | ||||
Hypertension | 190 (84.4) | 74 (79.6) | 116 (87.9) | 0.090 |
Coronary heart disease | 77 (34.2) | 37 (39.8) | 40 (30.3) | 0.140 |
Atrial fibrillation | 100 (44.4) | 54 (40.9) | 46 (49.5) | 0.204 |
Pacemaker | 41 (18.2) | 19 (20.4) | 22 (16.7) | 0.471 |
Active cancer | 14 (6.2) | 5 (5.4) | 9 (6.8) | 0.659 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 30 (13.3) | 12 (12.9) | 18 (13.6) | 0.873 |
Diabetes mellitus | 60 (26.7) | 23 (24.7) | 37 (28.0) | 0.582 |
Chronic renal failure | 114 (50.7) | 45 (48.4) | 69 (52.3) | 0.567 |
Prior hospitalisation for heart failure | 93 (41.3) | 33 (35.5) | 60 (45.5) | 0.135 |
Tobacco | 26 (11.6) | 10 (10.8) | 16 (12.1) | 0.752 |
Prehospital vital signs | ||||
Heart rate (1/min) – mean ± SD | 108.2 ± 23.3 | 105.3 ± 24.1 | 110.2 ± 22.5 | 0.123 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) – mean ± SD | 172.8 ± 33.1 | 167.7 ± 32.0 | 176.4 ± 33.5 | 0.052 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) – mean ± SD | 99.2 ± 21.8 | 93.7 ± 18.8 | 103.6 ± 23.0 | 0.036 |
Respiratory rate (1/min) – mean ± SD | 36.0 ± 7.6 | 35.2 ± 8.1 | 36.5 ± 7.3 | 0.884 |
Oxygen saturation (%) – median (IQR) | 88 (80–93) | 88 (80–91) | 88 (78.5–95) | 0.624 |
Oxygen saturation < 95% – n (%) | 175 (77.8) | 80 (86.0) | 95 (72.0) | 0.013 |
Oxygen saturation < 90% – n (%) | 141 (62.7) | 60 (64.5) | 81 (61.4) | 0.630 |
GCS = 15 – n (%) | 158 (70.2) | 76 (81.7) | 82 (62.1) | 0.002 |
Prehospital PaCO2 (kPa) – median (IQR) | 6.2 (5.3–7.7) | 5.1 (4.7–5.6) | 7.4 (6.6–8.9) | < 0.001 |
Prehospital pH – median (IQR) | 7.31 (7.25–7.38) | 7.38 (7.32–7.42) | 7.26 (7.20–7.31) | < 0.001 |
Prehospital bicarbonate – median (IQR) | 24 (21–28) | 22.0 (19.7–24.1) | 26.2 (22.5–30.5) | < 0.001 |
Prehospital NIV – n (%) | 193 (85.8) | 69 (74.2) | 124 (93.9) | < 0.001 |
Laboratory values | ||||
Creatinine (μmol/l) – median (IQR) | 112 (81–146) | 114 (84–151) | 108 (80–143) | 0.364 |
Pro-BNP (pg/ml)– median (IQR) | 3583 (1834–8847) | 4085 (2000–12,220) | 3322 (1801–6722) | 0.393 |