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Table 2 A single dose of methoxyflurane: sufficient vs. insufficient analgesia. Patient characteristics and secondary outcome parameters

From: Usability and effectiveness of inhaled methoxyflurane for prehospital analgesia - a prospective, observational study

 

Single dose administration of Penthrop®

Insufficient analgesia with Penthrop® or additional analgesics

p

 

67

42

 

Population characteristics

 Sex (female/male)

31/36 (46.3/53.7)

19/23 (45.2/54.8)

0.75

 Age

54 (38.0–70.0)

43 (26.8–56.0)

0.01

 BMI

24.8 (22.8–27.6)

26.4 (23.4–28.5)

0.31

 NRS 0 min

7.0 (6.0–8.0)

8.0 (7.0–9.0)

0.013

 HEMS patients

22 (32.8%)

16 (38.1%)

0.58

Secondary outcome parameters

 NRS 5 min

5.0 (3.0–6.0)

7.0 (6.0–8.0)

< 0.0001

 NRS 10 min

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

6.0 (4.0–7.5)

< 0.0001

 NRS 15 min

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

3.5 (2.0–8.0)

0.69

 NRS 20 min

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

4.0 (2.0–7.0)

0.66

 NRS 30 min

4.0 (2.0–5.0)

4.5 (2.3–8.5)

0.37

 Onset of analgesia (min)

3.0 (3.0–4.3)

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

0.22

 Duration of treatment (min)

15.0 (10.0–20.0)

10.0 (5.0–18.8)

< 0.0001

 User friendliness (EMS personell)

1.0 (1.0–2.0)

1.0 (1.0–3.0)

0.53

 User satisfaction (EMS personell)

1.0 (1.0–2.0)

3.0 (2.0–4.0)

< 0.0001

 Patient satisfaction with pain therapy

1.0 (1.0–2.0)

3.0 (2.0–5.0)

< 0.0001

 Patient satisfaction with prehospital care

1.0 (1.0–1.0)

1.0 (1.0–2.0)

0.081

 iv access

15 (22.4%)

42 (100%)

< 0.0001

 side effects

32 (47.8%)

26 (61.9%)

0.15

 technical problems

10 (14.9%)

6 (14.3%)

0.92

  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, NRS numeric rating scale, range 0–10; min minutes, i.v. intravenous, HEMS helicopter emergency medical service, user friendliness and satisfaction were measured at a five-point Likert scale with 1 = very good to 5 = bad