Variables | Intentional Overdoses N (%) (N = 32) | Unintentional overdoses N (%) (N = 35) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
 Male | 9 (28.1) | 23 (65.7) | 0.005 |
 Female | 23 (71.9) | 12 (34.3) |  |
Age (years) (mean ± SD) | 37.9 ± 15.7 | 42.9 ± 17.8 | 0.225 |
Mental, behavioural or neuro-developmental disorders (ICD-11 code 06)b | |||
 Yes | 24 (75.0) | 18 (51.4) | 0.049 |
 No | 8 (25.0) | 17 (48.6) |  |
Substance use disorders | |||
 Yes | 11 (34.4) | 26 (74.3) | 0.002 |
 No | 21 (65.6) | 9 (25.7) |  |
Length of stay (mean ± SD) | 15.2 ± 17.8 | 8.3 ± 5.2 | 0.042 |
Arrival mode | |||
 Ambulance | 24 (75.0) | 30 (85.7) | 0.425 |
 Other | 8 (25.0) | 5 (14.3) |  |
Opioids used in overdosec | |||
 Pharmaceutical | 30 (93.8) | 19 (54.3) |  < 0.001 |
 Non-pharmaceutical | 2 (6.3) | 16 (45.7) |  |
Drugs used in overdose | |||
 Opioids only | 5 (15.6) | 17 (48.6) | 0.009 |
 Opioids and non-opioids | 27 (84.4) | 18 (51.4) |  |
If pharmaceutical opioids consumed, prescribed for | |||
 Self | 15 (50) | 9 (47.4) | 1.000 |
 Other/Illicit source/Unknown | 15 (50) | 10 (52.6) |  |
Number of drugs consumed in overdose | |||
 1–3 | 21 (65.6) | 27 (77.1) | 0.439 |
 4–7 | 11 (34.4) | 8 (22.9) |  |
Inpatient admission | |||
 Yes | 8 (25.0) | 9 (25.7) | 1.000 |
 No | 24 (75.0) | 26 (74.3) |  |
ED and/or ambulance naloxone provided | |||
 Yes | 4 (12.5) | 24 (68.6) |  < 0.001 |
 No | 28 (87.5) | 11 (31.4) |  |
Drug and alcohol assessment provided or offered but declined by patient | |||
 Yes | 5 (15.6) | 13 (37.1) | 0.087 |
 No | 27 (84.4) | 22 (62.9) |  |
Engagement with drug and alcohol services documented in post-discharge management plan or suggested but declined by patient | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 4 (14.3) | 12 (38.7) | 0.070 |
 No | 24 (85.7) | 19 (61.3) |  |
Follow-up psychology (including MHCP), counselling or psychiatry (including transfer to psychiatric hospital) documented in post-discharge management plan | |||
 Yes | 17 (60.7) | 6 (19.4) | 0.003 |
 No | 11 (39.3) | 25 (80.6) |  |