Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients
Total (N = 265,219) | Age group | p-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18–39 (N = 79,860) | 40–64 (N = 105,246) | 65–84 (N = 64,104) | ≥85 (N = 16,009) | |||
Male (n = 265,218) | 136,776 (51.6) | 37,984 (47.6) | 57,977 (55.1) | 32,687 (50.1) | 8128 (50.8) | < 0.001 |
Age, years* | 52.95 (19.7) | 29.57 (6.10) | 52.61 (7.22) | 73.66 (5.84) | 88.91 (3.45) | < 0.001 |
Triage level | < 0.001 | |||||
1 | 12,518 (4.72) | 2722 (3.41) | 3487 (3.31) | 4474 (6.98) | 1835 (11.5) | |
2 | 46,877 (17.7) | 7847 (9.83) | 17,575 (16.7) | 16,009 (25.0) | 5446 (34.0) | |
3 | 178,857 (67.4) | 57,515 (72.0) | 73,991 (70.3) | 39,346 (61.4) | 8005 (50.0) | |
4 | 25,276 (9.53) | 11,084 (13.9) | 9494 (9.02) | 4009 (6.25) | 689 (4.30) | |
5 | 1691 (0.64) | 692 (0.87) | 699 (0.66) | 266 (0.41) | 34 (0.21) | |
Frailty (n = 121,084) | < 0.001 | |||||
No | 107,917 (89.1) | 33,621 (96.2) | 44,955 (92.3) | 24,444 (81.5) | 4897 (66.1) | |
Yes | 13,167 (10.9) | 1337 (3.82) | 3779 (7.75) | 5539 (18.5) | 2512 (33.9) | |
Vital signs | ||||||
Pulse rate, beats/min* (n = 265,087) | 90.36 (20.1) | 92.11 (19.3) | 90.77 (19.8) | 88.19 (20.8) | 87.64 (21.5) | < 0.001 |
SBP, mmHg* (n = 264,235) | 140.37 (29.4) | 131.90 (21.5) | 142.92 (29.9) | 146.11 (33.3) | 142.84 (34.1) | < 0.001 |
DBP, mmHg* (n = 264,188) | 84.34 (37.4) | 86.68 (38.6) | 87.57 (36.9) | 81.57 (36.1) | 77.55 (37.5) | < 0.001 |
Respiratory rate, times/min* (n = 265,068) | 18.91 (2.77) | 18.43 (1.92) | 18.82 (2.65) | 19.38 (3.32) | 20.08 (3.92) | < 0.001 |
Body temperature, °C* (n = 265,115) | 36.60 (1.06) | 36.66 (0.91) | 36.56 (1.02) | 36.59 (1.22) | 36.60 (1.31) | < 0.001 |
Blood oxygen saturation, %* (n = 260,369) | 95.85 (5.51) | 96.80 (3.19) | 96.08 (5.01) | 94.90 (6.99) | 93.67 (8.61) | < 0.001 |
Pain score* (n = 237,824) | 1.34 (1.89) | 1.58 (1.93) | 1.45 (1.98) | 1.01 (1.71) | 0.82 (1.53) | < 0.001 |
GCS (n = 265,218) | < 0.001 | |||||
14–15 | 249,674 (94.1) | 78,595 (98.4) | 101,065 (96.0) | 57,591 (89.8) | 12,423 (77.6) | |
9–13 | 9559 (3.60) | 706 (0.88) | 2548 (2.42) | 4063 (6.34) | 2242 (14.0) | |
≤ 8 | 5985 (2.26) | 558 (0.70) | 1633 (1.55) | 2450 (3.82) | 1344 (8.40) | |
Time of ED visit | < 0.001 | |||||
08:00–16:00 | 116,412 (43.9) | 28,713 (36.0) | 4644 (44.2) | 32,774 (51.1) | 8441 (52.7) | |
16:00–24:00 | 103,049 (38.9) | 33,776 (42.3) | 40,590 (38.6) | 22,977 (35.8) | 5706 (35.6) | |
00:00–08:00 | 45,758 (17.3) | 17,371 (21.8) | 18,172 (17.3) | 8353 (13.0) | 1862 (11.6) | |
Outcomes | ||||||
In-hospital mortality (n = 260,741) | 6819 (2.62) | 343 (0.44) | 2426 (2.35) | 2830 (4.48) | 1220 (7.69) | < 0.0001 |
Medical resource utilisation* (n = 132,558) | 6.62 (15.4) | 4.18 (19.6) | 6.77 (12.5) | 8.81 (14.00) | 9.48 (12.7) | < 0.001 |