Table 1 Indications for urgent abdominal re-operation including missed injuries, complications of previous surgery and other miscellaneous indications (39 patients). The table includes 6 cases with a combination of missed injuries and complications after previous abdominal surgery

Missed injuries (19/39 patients, 48.7%)

 Rectal perforation

2 (5.1)

 Laceration of left large colon

5 (12.8)

 Laceration of ureter

1 (2.6)

 Diaphragmatic laceration, leading to traumatic hernia

2 (5.1)

 Uncontrolled hepatic hemorrhage

1 (2.6)

 Shrapnel injury to IVC

1 (2.6)

 Gastric perforation, leading to sepsis and hemodynamic instability

1 (2.6)

 Segmental intestinal necrosis

1 (2.6)

 Gallbladder perforation

1 (2.6)

 Colo-cutaneous fistula

1 (2.6)

 Perforation of right colon

1 (2.6)

 Recto-urinary bladder fistula

1 (2.6)

 Recto-vaginal fistula

1 (2.6)

 Small-bowel to retro-peritoneum fistula

1 (2.6)

Complications following previous abdominal surgery (22 patients)

 Failure of anastomosis of colon (ischemic necrosis)

2 (5.1)

 Failure of abdominal wall suturing leading to evisceration

3 (7.7)

 Failure of anastomosis of small bowel (ischemic necrosis)

4 (10.3)

 Segmental necrosis of small bowel

1(2.6)

 Injury to femoral vessels

1(2.6)

 Failure of gastric suturing

1 (2.6)

 Failed splenic hemostasis

1 (2.6)

 Post-operative internal hernia

2 (5.1)

 Failed suture of urinary bladder

1 (2.6)

 Pancreatic necrosis

1 (2.6)

 Abdominal compartment syndrome

1 (2.6)

 Septic complications following surgery – peritoneal abscesses, peritonitis

3 (7.7)

 Failed hepatic hemostasis

1 (2.6)

 Failed diaphragmatic suture

1 (2.6)

Miscellaneous indications

 Removal of foreign body (medical pads deliberately left for emergent hemostasis)

1 (2.6)

 Removal of neglected foreign bodies (medical pads)

4 (10.3)

 Second-look exploratory laparotomy following multi-organ injury and hemodynamic instability

1 (2.6)