Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression analysis for in-hospital mortality

Patient variables

 EDLOS ≥ 6 h (vs. < 6 h)

1.18

1.16–1.20

 Aged ≥ 65 y (vs. < 65)

1.98

1.95–2.02

 Female (vs. male)

0.90

0.89–0.91

Insurance type

 National health insurance

1.00

(Reference)

 Medical aid

1.09

1.07–1.11

 Uninsured or other

1.13

1.09–1.17

 Injury-related presentation (vs. no)

0.76

0.74–0.78

 Arrival via emergency ambulance (vs. other)

1.50

1.47–1.53

 Transferred-in (vs. direct)

1.65

1.61–1.68

Time of presentation

 Day

1.00

(Reference)

 Evening

0.91

0.89–0.92

 Night

0.88

0.86–0.90

KTAS score

 1

1.00

(Reference)

 2

0.34

0.33–0.35

 3

0.24

0.24–0.25

 4

0.19

0.19–0.20

 5

0.26

0.24–0.28

 Unidentified

0.25

0.24–0.26

 Artificial ventilation in ED (vs. no)

2.73

2.66–2.80

CCI score

 0

1.00

(Reference)

 1

1.17

1.14–1.21

 2

1.35

1.33–1.38

 ≥ 3

1.92

1.88–1.97

Season

 Spring

1.00

(Reference)

 Summer

0.97

0.95–0.99

 Fall

1.03

1.01–1.05

 Winter

1.08

1.05–1.10

Year

 2017

1.00

(Reference)

 2018

1.05

1.04–1.07

 2019

1.01

0.99–1.03

Hospital variables

 Hospital staffed bed

 ≥ 1,000

1.00

(Reference)

 800–999

1.03

1.00–1.05

 600–799

1.10

1.07–1.12

 300–599

1.15

1.12–1.18

 < 300

1.23

1.18–1.27

Level of ED

 Level 1

1.00

(Reference)

 Level 2

1.16

1.14–1.19

 Level 3

1.24

1.19–1.28

Hospital location

 Metropolitan city

1.00

(Reference)

 Provincial area

0.95

0.94–0.97