Table 1 Demographic and Emergency Department presentation characteristics for adults with asthma and by Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale groups

Sex, n (%)

 Female

10,400 (58.7)

2,629 (58.8)

5,628 (60.0)

2,143 (55.3)

 Male

7,324 (41.3)

1,839 (41.2)

3,751 (40.0)

1,734 (44.7)

 Age (years), median [IQR]

32.7 [24.8, 42.5]

34.5 [25.7, 44.4]

32.4 [24.7, 42.3]

31.7 [24.5, 40.9]

Zone of residence, n (%)

 North

1,592 (9.0)

169 (3.8)

846 (9.0)

577 (14.9)

 Edmonton

5,305 (29.9)

1,883 (42.1)

2,459 (26.2)

963 (24.8)

 Central

994 (5.6)

225 (5.0)

542 (5.8)

227 (5.9)

 Calgary

7,053 (39.8)

1,759 (39.4)

4,337 (46.2)

957 (24.7)

 South

2,747 (15.5)

423 (9.5)

1,178 (12.6)

1,146 (29.6)

 Missing

33 (0.2)

9 (0.2)

17 (0.2)

7 (0.2)

Neighborhood income quintile, n (%)

 1 Lowest

3,788 (21.4)

1,005 (22.5)

2,009 (21.4)

774 (20.0)

 2

3,430 (19.4)

853 (19.1)

1,804 (19.2)

773 (19.9)

 3

3,015 (17.0)

714 (16.0)

1,603 (17.1)

698 (18.0)

 4

3,068 (17.3)

662 (14.8)

1,714 (18.3)

692 (17.8)

 5 Highest

2,261 (12.8)

509 (11.4)

1,203 (12.8)

549 (14.2)

 Missing

2,162 (12.2)

725 (16.2)

1,046 (11.2)

391 (10.1)

Community size, n (%)

 ≥ 100,000

10,754 (60.6)

3,032 (67.9)

6,016 (64.1)

1,706 (44.0)

 10,000 to 99,999

4,142 (23.4)

555 (12.4)

1,979 (21.1)

1,608 (41.5)

 < 10,000

753 (4.2)

178 (4.0)

387 (4.1)

188 (4.8)

 Missing

2,075 (11.7)

703 (15.7)

997 (10.6)

375 (9.7)

ED category, n (%)

 Regional

5,240 (29.6)

733 (16.4)

2,493 (26.6)

2,014 (51.9)

 Urban

9,188 (51.8)

2,662 (59.6)

5,184 (55.3)

1,342 (34.6)

 Academic/teaching

3,296 (18.6)

1,073 (24.0)

1,702 (18.1)

521 (13.4)

Fiscal year, n (%)

 2014/2015

4,042 (22.8)

894 (20.0)

2,244 (23.9)

904 (23.3)

 2015/2016

3,775 (21.3)

927 (20.7)

2,046 (21.8)

802 (20.7)

 2016/2017

3,341 (18.9)

885 (19.8)

1,752 (18.7)

704 (18.2)

 2017/2018

3,278 (18.5)

886 (19.8)

1,644 (17.5)

748 (19.3)

 2018/2019

3,288 (18.6)

876 (19.6)

1,693 (18.1)

719 (18.5)

Month of year, n (%)

 January

1,432 (8.1)

343 (7.7)

737 (7.9)

352 (9.1)

 February

1,254 (7.1)

300 (6.7)

669 (7.1)

285 (7.4)

 March

1,338 (7.5)

344 (7.7)

690 (7.4)

304 (7.8)

 April

1,346 (7.6)

318 (7.1)

719 (7.7)

309 (8.0)

 May

1,456 (8.2)

342 (7.7)

774 (8.3)

340 (8.8)

 June

1,358 (7.7)

335 (7.5)

723 (7.7)

300 (7.7)

 July

1,478 (8.3)

390 (8.7)

790 (8.4)

298 (7.7)

 August

1,577 (8.9)

401 (9.0)

852 (9.1)

324 (8.4)

 September

1,990 (11.2)

524 (11.7)

1,090 (11.6)

376 (9.7)

 October

1,678 (9.5)

452 (10.1)

866 (9.2)

360 (9.3)

 November

1,328 (7.5)

342 (7.7)

720 (7.7)

266 (6.9)

 December

1,489 (8.4)

377 (8.4)

749 (8.0)

363 (9.4)

Day of week, n (%)

 Weekday (Mon-Fri)

12,490 (70.5)

3,146 (70.4)

6,643 (70.8)

2,701 (69.7)

 Weekend (Sat, Sun)

5,234 (29.5)

1,322 (29.6)

2,736 (29.2)

1,176 (30.3)

 Time of day, n (%)

 Day (08:01–16:00)

6,493 (36.6)

1,496 (33.5)

3,372 (36.0)

1,625 (41.9)

 Evening (16:01–24:00)

6,866 (38.7)

1,850 (41.4)

3,612 (38.5)

1,404 (36.2)

 Night (00:01–08:00)

4,351 (24.5)

1,119 (25.0)

2,389 (25.5)

843 (21.7)

 Charlson Comorbidity Score, median [IQR]

1.0 [1.0, 1.0]

1.0 [1.0, 1.0]

1.0 [1.0, 1.0]

1.0 [0.0, 1.0]

Charlson Comorbidities, n (%)

 Diabetes mellitus

748 (4.2)

286 (6.4)

364 (3.9)

98 (2.5)

 Cancer

343 (1.9)

88 (2.0)

185 (2.0)

70 (1.8)

 Mild/moderate/severe liver disease

174 (1.0)

50 (1.1)

89 (0.9)

35 (0.9)

 Rheumatic

150 (0.8)

44 (1.0)

79 (0.8)

27 (0.7)

 Congestive heart failure

139 (0.8)

72 (1.6)

56 (0.6)

11 (0.3)

 Stroke

126 (0.7)

41 (0.9)

60 (0.6)

25 (0.6)

 Renal

103 (0.6)

44 (1.0)

51 (0.5)

8 (0.2)

 Peptic ulcer disease

69 (0.4)

21 (0.5)

30 (0.3)

18 (0.5)

 Paralysis

41 (0.2)

17 (0.4)

21 (0.2)

3 (0.1)

 Acute myocardial infarction

40 (0.2)

9 (0.2)

25 (0.3)

6 (0.2)

 Peripheral vascular disorders

37 (0.2)

19 (0.4)

16 (0.2)

2 (0.1)

 Dementia

36 (0.2)

12 (0.3)

20 (0.2)

4 (0.1)

 HIV/AIDS

30 (0.2)

13 (0.3)

12 (0.1)

5 (0.1)