Table 3 Clinical course and outcome of patients with severe TBI receiving low- or high-volume prehospital fluid replacement therapy after trauma
Patient characteristics | Values for low- and high-volume groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Low-volume (0-1000 ml) | High-volume (≥1501 ml) | Group mean (all patients) | p-values | |
Emergency surgery (%) | 6.2 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 1 |
Days in the intensive care unit (MV, SD) | 16.2 ± 16.3 | 14.5 ± 14.4 | 15.3 ± 15.4 | 0.4 |
Days intubated (MV, SD) | 11.9 ± 14.4 | 11.4 ± 12.3 | 11.6 ± 13.4 | 0.97 |
Organ failure (%) | 77.1 | 83.8 | 80.5 | 0.21 |
Multi-organ failure (%) | 61.1 | 67.7 | 64.4 | 0.3 |
Sepsis (%) | 13.5 | 9.3 | 11.5 | 0.33 |
RISC prognosis (MV, SD) | 44.6 ± 30 | 49.8 ± 29.6 | 47.2 ± 30.3 | 0.1 |
Died in hospital (%) | 45.6 | 45.6 | 45.6 | 1 |
Died within the first 24 h (%) | 23.1 | 24.9 | 24 | 0.8 |
Days of hospitalization (MV, SD) | 25.1 ± 33.9 | 23.5 ± 31.1 | 24.3 ± 32.5 | 0.46 |
Glasgow Outcome Scale | ||||
 dead (%) | 46.1 | 47.0 | 46.5 | 0.7 |
 apallic (%) | 9 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 0.7 |
 strongly handicapped (%) | 17.4 | 22.6 | 19.9 | 0.7 |
 mildly handicapped (%) | 17.4 | 12.8 | 15.1 | 0.7 |
 recovered well (%) | 10.2 | 9.8 | 10 | 0.7 |