Table 3 Patients´ characteristics according to adverse perioperative outcome
Adverse perioperative outcome | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Yes (n = 519) | No (n = 968) | ||
Gender, male | 276 (53.2) | 487 (50.3) | 0.291 |
Age (years) | 70.2 (59.1–79.4) | 61.5 (53.1–72.5) | < 0.001 |
Medical center | < 0.001 | ||
Center A | 414 (41.4) | 587 (58.6) | |
Center B | 105 (21.6) | 381 (78.3) | |
Preoperative medical conditions | |||
Hypertension | 296 (57) | 372 (38.5) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 127 (24.5) | 131 (13.5) | < 0.001 |
Chronic renal disease | 73 (14.1) | 49 (5.1) | < 0.001 |
Major cardiovascular diseasea | 142 (27.4) | 110 (11.4) | < 0.001 |
COPD | 70 (13.5) | 49 (5.1) | < 0.001 |
Active cancer | 117 (22.5) | 80 (8.3) | < 0.001 |
Major general surgery | 151 (29.1) | 85 (8.8) | < 0.001 |
Risk factors for 30-day mortalityb | 0.006 | ||
No risk factors | 78 (15) | 440 (45.4) | |
1 or 2 risk factors | 277 (53.4) | 415 (45.9) | |
≥ 3 risk factors | 164 (31.6) | 113 (11.7) | |
Preoperative interventions | |||
Medical assessments | 13 (6–27) | 6 (4–9) | < 0.001 |
Laboratories | 28 (13–59.5) | 8 (4–15) | < 0.001 |
Diagnostic images | 4 (2–7) | 2 (1–3) | < 0.001 |
Type of surgery | 0.262 | ||
General | 394 (75.9) | 709 (73.2) | |
Orthopedic | 125 (24.1) | 259 (26.8) | |
Duration of surgery (hours) | 2.2 (1.6–3) | 1.6 (1.3–2.3) | < 0.001 |
ED-LOS (hours) | 53.2 (19.5–165.2) | 26.1 (13.4–64.9) | < 0.001 |