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Table 1 Toxic agents reported in recreational drug toxicity

From: Gender differences in acute recreational drug toxicity: a case series from Oslo, Norway

 

Outpatient clinic

Hospital ED

Females

n (%)

Males

n (%)

Females

n (%)

Males

n (%)

Heroin

185 (37.1)***

808 (47.0)

19 (27.9)

59 (28.2)

Benzodiazepines

167 (33.5)

545 (31.7)

9 (13.2)

38 (18.2)

Amphetamine

120 (24.0)*

339 (19.7)

15 (22.1)

64 (30.6)

GHB

72 (14.4)***

147 (8.6)

41 (60.3)**

76 (36.4)

Cannabis

55 (11.0)

206 (12.0)

8 (11.8)

25 (12.0)

Cocaine

22 (4.4)

115 (6.7)

5 (7.4)

34 (16.3)

MDMA

16 (3.2)

45 (2.6)

3 (4.4)

7 (3.3)

Methadone

12 (2.4)

48 (2.8)

2 (1.0)

Buprenorphine

12 (2.4)

41 (2.4)

3 (1.4)

Other/unknown opioid

32 (6.4)

121 (7.0)

3 (4.4)

10 (4.8)

Other/unknown

33 (6.6)

116 (6.7)

12 (17.6)

35 (16.7)

Alcohola

115 (23.0)

451 (26.2)

30 (44.1)

80 (38.3)

Totalb

499 (100)

1719 (100)

68 (100)

209 (100)

  1. aPatients with lone alcohol intoxication were not included, so only recorded when taken in addition to other recreational drugs
  2. bAs more than one drug (excluding alcohol) were taken in 38.5% (853/2218) of outpatient cases and 49.5% (137/277) of hospital cases, numbers and percentages add up to more than the total. There were no statistically significant gender differences in having taken more than one drug
  3. ED: emergency department; GHB: gamma-hydroxybutyrate; MDMA: methylenedioxymethamphetamine
  4. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 for comparisons between genders