Table 4 Odds ratio of emergency severity index, hospital admission, ICU admission, medical resources utilization for ESRD vs. non-ESRD patients, NHAMCS 2014–2016
From: Emergency department use by patients with end-stage renal disease in the United States
Crude odds ratio | Adjusted for | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | + Social economic | + Visiting & Clinical | ||
ESI Score: Immediate or Emergent vs. Semi- or Non-Urgent | 10.07 (6.58–15.41) | 6.98 (4.53–10.74) | 6.74 (4.37–10.38) | 4.72 (3.00–7.41) |
ESI Score: Urgent vs. Semi- or Non-Urgent | 3.98 (2.65–5.96) | 3.33 (2.22–5.01) | 3.24 (2.15–4.87) | 2.46 (1.62–3.74) |
Hospital Admission | 4.83 (3.92–5.95) | 3.32 (2.67–4.13) | 3.30 (2.65–4.11) | 2.70 (2.13–3.41) |
ICU | 5.36 (3.64–7.90) | 3.25 (2.20–4.82) | 3.07 (2.06–4.58) | 2.21 (1.45–3.38) |
Death | 5.54 (2.81–10.89) | 3.03 (1.53–6.01) | 2.65 (1.33–5.30) | 1.64 (0.76–3.55) |
Left | 0.97 (0.50–1.88) | 1.23 (0.63–2.40) | 1.08 (0.55–2.11) | 0.93 (0.47–1.82) |
Blood test | 4.64 (3.53–6.09) | 3.60 (2.73–4.74) | 3.41 (2.59–4.49) | 2.54 (1.89–3.40) |
Any imaging | 1.83 (1.47–2.27) | 1.36 (1.09–1.70) | 1.36 (1.09–1.70) | 1.37 (1.09–1.72) |
X-ray | 2.34 (1.90–2.88) | 1.73 (1.40–2.14) | 1.69 (1.36–2.09) | 1.79 (1.43–2.24) |
CT | 1.07 (0.83–1.38) | 0.80 (0.62–1.03) | 0.81 (0.63–1.05) | 0.80 (0.61–1.05) |
Ultrasound | 0.67 (0.39–1.17) | 0.86 (0.49–1.51) | 0.88 (0.50–1.55) | 0.84 (0.47–1.48) |
MRI | 2.14 (1.06–4.34) | 1.58 (0.78–3.22) | 1.66 (0.81–3.39) | 1.92 (0.93–4.00) |
Procedure | 1.33 (1.08–1.63) | 1.24 (1.01–1.52) | 1.24 (1.01–1.52) | 1.20 (0.97–1.47) |