Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with suspected infection presenting at the emergency department categorized by blood culture results
From: Clinical factors associated with bloodstream infection at the emergency department
ALL patients (n = 8177) n (%) | Positive blood culture (n = 741) n (%) | Negative blood culture (n = 7436) n (%) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age, yrs. –median (range) | 62 (18–100) | 62 (18–100) | 64 (18–100) | < 0.001 |
Male | 4275 (52.28) | 415 (56.01) | 3860 (51.90) | 0.003 |
CCI –median (range) | 3 (0–13) | 4 (0–13) | 3 (0–13) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidity | ||||
Age > 55 years | 5231 (63.97) | 537 (72.47) | 4694 (63.13) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 2149 (26.28) | 235 (31.71) | 1914 (25.74) | < 0.001 |
Solid organ malignancy | 1878 (22.97) | 231 (31.17) | 1647 (22.15) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1729 (21.14) | 194 (26.18) | 1535 (20.64) | < 0.001 |
Liver disease | 1190 (14.55) | 191 (25.78) | 999 (13.43) | < 0.001 |
Moderate to severe CKD | 639 (7.81) | 86 (11.61) | 553 (7.44) | < 0.001 |
AIDS | 123 (1.50) | 16 (2.16) | 107 (1.44) | 0.125 |
History of chills | 515 (6.30) | 101 (13.63) | 414 (5.57) | < 0.001 |
Clinical presentation at triage zone | ||||
Respiratory rate > 22/min | 5369 (65.66) | 573 (77.33) | 4796 (64.50) | < 0.001 |
Temperature > 38.3 °C | 2658 (32.51) | 349 (47.10) | 2309 (31.05) | < 0.001 |
Heart rate > 120/min | 921 (11.26) | 105 (14.17) | 816 (10.97) | < 0.001 |
Hypotension (SBP < 90 or MAP < 65 mmHg) | 611 (7.47) | 96 (12.96) | 515 (6.93) | < 0.001 |
Met Sepsis criteria | ||||
SIRS ≥2 | 6149 (75.20) | 651 (87.85) | 5498 (93.94) | < 0.001 |
qSOFA ≥2 | 1230 (15.04) | 140 (18.89) | 1060 (14.25) | < 0.001 |
NEWS ≥7 | 2917 (35.67) | 259 (34.95) | 1759 (23.66) | < 0.001 |
Lactate values | (n = 4694) | (n = 575) | (n = 4119) | |
First lactate, mmol/L-median | 1.88 (0.01–28.33) | 2.50 (0.01–18.71) | 1.80 (0.01–28.33) | < 0.001 |
First lactate > 2 mmol/L | 2193 (46.72) | 383 (51.69) | 1810 (23.34) | < 0.001 |