Table 2 Factors associated with positive blood culture in patients suspected of infection presenting at the emergency department
From: Clinical factors associated with bloodstream infection at the emergency department
Factors | Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | aAdjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Comorbid conditions | |||
Age > 55 | 1.54 (1.30–1.81) | 1.33 (1.04–1.72) | 0.02 |
Sex | 0.84 (0.73–0.99) | 0.94 (78.1–1.13) | 0.52 |
Emergency severity index level | 0.62 (0.55–0.70) | 0.87 (0.71–1.13) | 0.18 |
CCI | 1.13 (1.09–1.06) | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) | 0.46 |
Liver disease | 2.24 (1.87–2.67) | 2.04 (1.59–2.61) | < 0.01 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1.36 (1.15–1.62) | 1.08 (0.89–1.30) | 0.45 |
Moderate to severe CKD | 1.63 (1.28–2.08) | 1.68 (1.22–2.32) | 0.01 |
Solid organ tumor | 1.59 (1.35–1.87) | 1.40 (1.09–1.80) | 0.01 |
Hypertension | 1.34 (1.13–1.57) | 1.14 (0.92–1.41) | 0.24 |
On arrival parameter | |||
History of Chills | 2.67 (2.12–3.38) | 1.94 (1.43–2.62) | < 0.01 |
Temperature > 38.3 °C | 1.40 (1.32–1.50) | 1.77 (1.39–2.25) | < 0.01 |
Heart rate > 120 /min | 1.01 (1.00–1.01) | 0.96 (0.73–1.26) | 0.76 |
SBP < 90 or MAP < 65 | 2.01 (1.59–2.54) | 1.22 (0.86–1.71) | 0.26 |
Respiratory rate > 22/min | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 0.89 (0.71–1.26) | 0.32 |
SIRS criteria ≥2 | 2.5 (2.03–3.20) | 1.21 (0.94–1.53) | 0.26 |
qSOFA criteria ≥2 | 1.79 (1.49–2.15) | 1.20 (0.94–1.53) | 0.15 |
NEWS ≥7 | 1.73 (1.47–2.04) | 0.93 (0.73–1.18) | 0.53 |
Beyond first hour parameter | |||
bLactate level | 1.13 (1.10–1.16) | 1.10 (1.07–1.14) | < 0.01 |
WBC > 11,000 /microliter | 1.31 (1.12–1.52) | 1.28 (1.03–1.59) | 0.03 |
WBC < 3000 /microliter | 2.30 (1.70–3.13) | 2.48 (1.68–3.66) | < 0.01 |