Table 3 Binary and multiple logistic analysis of factors associated with very early ED mortality from March 2018–2020, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Age

13–24

42

34

0.56

0.83 (0.44,1.56)

25–54

148

119

0.45

0.83 (0.5,1.36)

55–64

44

40

0.82

0.93 (0.50,1.72)

> 65

40

39

1

1

Sex

Male

153

114

0.13

0.76 (0.49,1.19)*

0.29

0.80 (0.53,1.20)

Female

121

118

1

1

Residence

Addis Ababa

107

100

0.06

1.02 (0.99,3.37)*

0.01

2.78 (1.36,5.68)**

Oromia

84

87

0.03

2.02 (1.08,3.78)*

0.001

3.23 (1.58,6.54)**

Amhara

40

21

0.96

1.02 (0.48,2.2)

0.76

1.14 (0.48,2.70)

Tigray

6

5

0.47

1.62 (0.44,6.01)

0.1

3.79 (0.78,18.34)

Others

37

19

1

1

1

Triage category

Red

153

72

0.003

0.32 (0.15,0.67)*

0.001

0.24 (0.10,0.55)**

Orange

78

104

0.81

0.91 (0.43,1.96)

0.51

0.75 (0.33,1.74)

Yellow

29

38

0.80

0.9 (0.38,2.11)

0.26

0.58 (0.22,1.50)

Green

14

18

1

1

Mode of transportation

Ambulance

63

46

0.98

0.99 (0.52,1.89)

Taxi

135

138

0.26

1.39 (0.79,2.45)

Public transport

8

4

0.56

0.68 (0.18,2.51)

Private car

34

19

0.48

0.76 (0.35,1.63)

Walk-in/carried

34

25

1

1

Source of referral

Private hospital

3

9

0.18

4.5 (0.49,41.25)*

0.13

6.82 (0.55,84.04)

Public hospital

69

67

0.69

1.46 (0.24,6.98)

0.33

2.89 (0.35,23.98)

Private clinic

6

7

0.60

1.75 (0.22,14.22)

0.47

2.43 (0.22,26.41)

Health center

7

5

0.95

1.07 (0.13,8.98)

0.73

1.54 (0.14,17.21)

Self

156

102

0.98

0.98 (0.16,5.97)

0.55

1.91 (0.23,15.62)

ROPD

30

40

0.46

2.0 (0.31,12.72)

0.36

2.71 (0.32,23.03)

Others

3

2

1

1

Previous ED visit with in last 30 days

No ED visits

226

209

0.22

2.77 (0.55,13.9)*

0.45

2.56 (0.46,14.2)

1

42

21

0.64

1.50 (0.28,8.08)

0.97

1.43 (0.24,8.58)

≥2

6

2

1

1

Duration of symptoms

< 4 h

32

17

0.02

0.45 (0.22,0.89)

0.33

0.66 (0.29,1.50)

4–24 h

89

39

0.00

0.35 (0.21,0.50)*

0.02

0.47 (0.26,0.87)**

25–48 h

40

41

0.60

0.86 (0.49,1.52)

0.57

1.22 (0.62,2.42)

> 48–1 week

60

74

0.9

1.34 (0.63,1.71)

0.51

1.21 (0.68,2.15)

> 1 week

53

61

1

1

Major cause of death

Traumatic

20

17

0.99

1.00 (0.51,1.97)

Non-traumatic

254

215

1

1

Co-morbid disease

Hypertension

25

16

0.11

0.5(.0.21,1.18)*

0.83

1.09 (0.50,2.36)

Diabetes mellitus

10

7

0.36

1.73 (0.53,5.62)

Cardiac disease

40

30

0.16

0.61 (0.30,1.22)*

0.66

0.84 (0.27,2.63)

Cancer

96

80

0.65

0.89 (0.54,1.46)

Hematologic malignancy

14

5

0.07

0.29 (0.08,1.12)*

0.76

0.84 (0.27,2.63)

HIV AIDS

8

18

0.08

2.91 (0.88,9.63)*

0.05

2.72 (1.01,7.30)**

Asthma

3

7

0.30

2.09 (0.51,8.54)

0.80

0.72 (0.27,3.25)

Others

17

37

1

1

Time f death

Day time

145

119

0.72

1.07 (0.75,1.52)

Night time

129

113

1

1