Table 1 Characteristics of choking-induced cardiac arrest patients by age group
|  | Total | 20–64 years old | 65–74 years old | 75–84 years old | ≥85 years old | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 268 | N = 26 | N = 33 | N = 70 | N = 139 |  | |
Age, median (IQR) | 85 (79–89) | 56.5 (51–62) | 70 (67–72) | 82 (80–83) | 89 (87–92) |  |
Men, n (%) | 144 (53.7%) | 16 (61.5%) | 17 (51.5%) | 47 (67.1%) | 64 (46.0%) | 0.027 |
Antipsychotic use, n (%) | 62 (23.1%) | 15 (57.7%) | 15 (45.5%) | 14 (20.0%) | 18 (12.9%) | < 0.001 |
Dopamine agonists use, n (%) | 25 (9.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (6.1%) | 13 (18.6%) | 10 (7.2%) | 0.017 |
Anticholinergic agents use, n (%) | 42 (15.7%) | 8 (30.8%) | 7 (21.2%) | 15 (21.4%) | 12 (8.6%) | 0.004 |
Sedative agents use, n (%) | 80 (29.9%) | 13 (50.0%) | 14 (42.4%) | 14 (20.0%) | 39 (28.1%) | 0.012 |
Steroid use, n (%) | 13 (4.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (3.0%) | 5 (7.1%) | 7 (5.0%) | 0.64 |
Dementia (with donepezil use), n (%) | 38 (14.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (9.1%) | 11 (15.7%) | 24 (17.3%) | 0.071 |
Stroke, n (%) | 81 (30.2%) | 1 (3.8%) | 8 (24.2%) | 28 (40.0%) | 44 (31.7%) | 0.002 |
Sjogren’s syndrome, n (%) | 5 (1.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (6.1%) | 3 (4.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.025 |
Daily life independence level, n (%) | ||||||
 Unrated | 99 (36.9%) | 25 (96.2%) | 17 (51.5%) | 26 (37.1%) | 31 (22.3%) | < 0.001 |
 Independence | 64 (23.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (27.3%) | 19 (27.1%) | 36 (25.9%) |  |
 Dependence | 105 (39.2%) | 1 (3.8%) | 7 (21.2%) | 25 (35.7%) | 72 (51.8%) |  |
Nursing home, n (%) | 15 (5.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (3.0%) | 4 (5.7%) | 10 (7.2%) | 0.62 |
State of dysphagia (within 12 months) | ||||||
 Dysphagia rehabilitation, n (%) | 14 (5.2%) | 1 (3.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (5.7%) | 9 (6.5%) | 0.58 |
 Aspiration pneumonia, n (%) | 21 (7.8%) | 1 (3.8%) | 1 (3.0%) | 5 (7.1%) | 14 (10.1%) | 0.59 |
Procedure after cardiac arrest | ||||||
 TTM, n (%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.48 |
 Tracheostomy, n (%) | 13 (4.9%) | 1 (3.8%) | 6 (18.2%) | 3 (4.3%) | 3 (2.2%) | 0.005 |
 Gastrostomy, n (%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.48 |
 Dysphagia Rehabilitation, n (%) | 8 (3.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (3.0%) | 3 (4.3%) | 4 (2.9%) | 0.89 |
Survival after cardiac arrest, n (%) | ||||||
 1 month following cardiac arrest, n (%) | 36 (13.4%) | 2 (7.7%) | 9 (27.3%) | 9 (12.9%) | 16 (11.5%) | 0.12 |
 3 months following cardiac arrest, n (%) | 15 (5.6%) | 1 (3.8%) | 5 (15.2%) | 6 (8.6%) | 3 (2.2%) | 0.013 |
 12 months following cardiac arrest, n (%) | 7 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (9.1%) | 3 (4.3%) | 1 (0.7%) | 0.028 |