Table 1 Baseline characteristics of potentially eligible population and the study population stratified by their CFS and HFRS categories
Variable | Potentially eligible population | Study population | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall (n = 33,723) | With recorded CFS at ED presentation (n = 18,667) | With recorded CFS and admitted to hospital (n = 12,244) | With available HFRS (n = 17,904) | With both CFS + HFRS (n = 12,237) | CFS score | HFRS score | ||||||
1–3 (n = 2,139) | 4–5 (n = 5,195) | 6 (n = 2,939) | 7–9 (n = 1,964) |  < 5 (n = 4,227) | 5–15 (n = 5,866) | > 15 (n = 2,144) | ||||||
Age, y | ||||||||||||
 Missing, n | 245 | 11 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
 Mean (SD) | 83.6 (5.8) | 84.3 (5.9) | 84.6 (5.9) | 84.1 (5.8) | 84.6 (5.9) | 81.6 (4.9) | 84.2 (5.5) | 86.2 (5.9) | 86.3 (6.1) | 83.1 (5.6) | 85.0 (5.8) | 86.2 (5.8) |
Female Sex, n (%) | 19,529 (57.9%) | 11,102 (59.5%) | 7,078 (57.8%) | 10,122 (56.5%) | 7,074 (57.8%) | 1,039 (48.6%) | 2,971 (57.2%) | 1,828 (62.2%) | 1,236 (62.9%) | 2,297 (54.3%) | 3,468 (59.1%) | 1,309 (61.1%) |
CCI (calculated only when there was a hospital admission), n (%) | ||||||||||||
 Admitted | 17,913 (53.1%) | 12,244 (65.6%) | 12,244 (100%) | 17,904 (100%) | 12,237 (100%) | 2,139 (100%) | 5,195 (100%) | 2,939 (100%) | 1,964 (100%) | 4,227 (100%) | 5,866 (100%) | 2,144 (100%) |
 0 | 5,423 (30.3%) | 3,628 (29.6%) | 3,628 (29.6%) | 5,414 (30.2) | 3,621 (29.6%) | 975 (45.6%) | 1,638 (31.5%) | 670 (22.8%) | 338 (17.2%) | 1,725 (40.8%) | 1,618 (27.6%) | 278 (13.0%) |
 1–2 | 8,378 (46.8%) | 5,844 (47.7%) | 5,844 (47.7%) | 8,378 (46.8%) | 5,844 (47.8%) | 868 (40.6%) | 2,456 (47.3%) | 1,488 (50.6%) | 1,032 (52.6%) | 1,893 (44.8%) | 2,853 (48.6%) | 1,098 (51.2%) |
 3–5 | 3,313 (18.5%) | 2,229 (18.2%) | 2,229 (18.2%) | 3,313 (18.5%) | 2,229 (18.2%) | 222 (10.4%) | 865 (16.7%) | 664 (22.6%) | 478 (24.3%) | 425 (10.1%) | 1,136 (19.4%) | 668 (31.2%) |
 ≥ 6 | 799 (4.5%) | 543 (4.4%) | 543 (4.4%) | 799 (4.5%) | 543 (4.4%) | 74 (3.5%) | 236 (4.5%) | 117 (4.0%) | 116 (5.9%) | 184 (4.4%) | 259 (4.4%) | 100 (4.7%) |
National Early Warning Score—2 | ||||||||||||
 Recorded, n (%) | 27,837 (82.5%) | 16,757 (89.8%) | 11,441 (93.4%) | 16,348 (91.3%) | 11,434 (93.4%) | 1,975 (92.3%) | 4,835 (93.1%) | 2,752 (93.6%) | 1,872 (95.3%) | 3,936 (93.1%) | 5,491 (93.6%) | 2,007 (93.6%) |
 Mean (SD) | 1.8 (2.5) | 1.9 (2.5) | 2.3 (2.7) | 2.4 (2.8) | 2.3 (2.7) | 1.7 (2.3) | 2.0 (2.4) | 2.5 (2.7) | 3.4 (3.3) | 2.1 (2.5) | 2.4 (2.8) | 2.4 (2.8) |
DPS, n (%) | ||||||||||||
 Recorded | 33,696 (99.9%) | 18,666 (≈ 100%) | 12,244 (100%) | 17,898 (≈ 100%) | 12,237 (100%) | 2,139 (100%) | 5,195 (100%) | 2,939 (100%) | 1,964 (100%) | 4,227 (100%) | 5,866 (100%) | 2,144 (100%) |
 Standard | 26 (0.1%) | 9 (0.1%) | 5 (0.04%) | 7 (0.04%) | 5 (0.04%) | 0 | 2 (0.04%) | 2 (0.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | 2 (0.1%) | 2 (0.03%) | 1 (0.1%) |
 Urgent | 21,935 (65.1%) | 12,204 (65.4%) | 7,169 (58.6%) | 9,801 (54.8%) | 7,164 (58.5%) | 1,219 (57.0%) | 3,187 (61.4%) | 1,781 (60.6%) | 977 (49.8%) | 2,421 (57.3%) | 3,455 (58.9%) | 1,288 (60.1%) |
 Very urgent | 7,277 (21.6%) | 4,272 (22.9%) | 3,127 (25.5%) | 4,523 (25.3%) | 3,126 (25.6%) | 620 (29.0%) | 1,328 (25.6%) | 692 (23.6%) | 486 (24.8%) | 1,199 (28.4%) | 1,412 (24.1%) | 515 (24.0%) |
 Immediate Resuscitation | 4,458 (13.2%) | 2,181 (11.7%) | 1,943 (15.9%) | 3,567 (19.9%) | 1,942 (15.9%) | 300 (14.0%) | 678 (13.1%) | 464 (15.8%) | 500 (25.5%) | 605 (14.3%) | 997 (17.0%) | 340 (15.9%) |