Table 1 Study population characteristics disaggregated by self-identification as equity-deserving or not
|  | Total Interviews (% of N = 2114) | Identifies as Equity-Deserving (% of N = 994) | Does Not Identify as Equity-Deserving (% of N = 949) | p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender Identity | ||||
Female | 1147 (54) | 536 (54) | 549 (58) | < 0.01 |
Male | 840 (40) | 394 (40) | 375 (40) | |
Non-binary | 29 (1) | 21 (2) | 5 (1) | |
Not sure / prefer not to say | 98 (5) | 43 (4) | 20 (2) | |
Total | 2114 | 994 | 949 | |
Age | ||||
< 18 | 137 (6) | 33 (3) | 93 (10) | < 0.0001 |
18–25 | 253 (12) | 131 (13) | 93 (10) | |
26–45 | 455 (22) | 251 (25) | 167 (18) | |
46–65 | 379 (18) | 201 (20) | 166 (17) | |
> 65 | 266 (13) | 108 (11) | 153 (16) | |
Missing data | 624 (30) | 260 (26.2) | 267 (28.1) | |
Total | 2114 | 994 | 949 | |
Ethnicity | ||||
White/European | 1165 (55) | 510 (51) | 590 (62) | < 0.0001 |
Indigenous | 99 (5) | 87 (9) | 9 (1) | |
One or more ethnicity | 40 (2) | 31 (3) | 7 (1) | |
Black | 26 (1) | 21 (2) | 4 (0) | |
Other | 114 (5) | 59 (6) | 39 (4) | |
Missing data | 670 (32) | 286 (29) | 300 (32) | |
Total | 2114 | 994 | 949 | |
Equity-deserving Group | ||||
Indigenous | 129 (7) | 129 (13) | - | - |
Having a disability | 370 (19) | 370 (37) | - | |
Mental health issue | 428 (22) | 428 (43) | - | |
Illicit substance use | 246 (13) | 246 (25) | - | |
LGBTQI2S+ | 118 (6) | 118 (12) | - | |
Facing homelessness | 171 (9) | 171 (17) | - | |
Visible minority | 117 (6) | 117 (12) | - | |
Experience of violence | 65 (3) | 65 (7) | - | |
History of incarceration | 39 (2) | 39 (4) | - | |
Member of a gang | 15 (1) | 15 (2) | - | |
Trading sex for money/goods | 12 (1) | 12 (1) | - | |
Other | 43 (2) | 43 (4) | - | |
No EDG | 949 | Â | Â | |
Not sure / prefer not to say | 171 (8) | 0 | - | |
Total | 2873 | 994 | - | |
Frequency With Which Patient Struggles to Make Ends Meet | ||||
Never | 861 (41) | 294 (30) | 524 (55) | < 0.001 |
Rarely | 328 (16) | 146 (15) | 155 (16) | |
Sometimes | 332 (16) | 174 (18) | 131 (14) | |
Often | 162 (8) | 114 (11) | 34 (4) | |
All the time | 227 (11) | 189 (19) | 32 (3) | |
Not sure / prefer not to say | 204 (10) | 77 (8) | 73 (8) | |
Total | 2114 | 994 | 949 | |
Number of Visits to the ED in Preceding 24 months | ||||
Did not visit | 343 (16) | 145 (15) | 186 (20) | < 0.001 |
1–3 times | 700 (33) | 309 (31) | 335 (35) | |
≥ 4 times | 244 (12) | 170 (17) | 63 (7) | |
Missing data | 827 (39) | 370 (37) | 365 (38) | |
Total | 2114 | 994 | 949 | |
How Personal Situation, Identity, and Culture Impacted the Care Experience | ||||
In a very bad way | 108 (5) | 103 (10) | 4 (0) | < 0.001 |
In a bad way | 162 (8) | 141 (14) | 18 (2) | |
It did not impact care | 1329 (63) | 552 (56) | 715 (75) | |
In a good way | 132 (6) | 67 (7) | 50 (5) | |
In a very good way | 72 (3) | 32 (3) | 29 (3) | |
Not sure / prefer not to say | 311 (15) | 99 (10) | 133 (14) | |
Total | 2114 | 994 | 949 | |
Feelings About the ED Experience | ||||
**Positive | 1003 (47) | 393 (40) | 550 (58) | < 0.001 |
***Negative | 706 (33) | 410 (41) | 242 (26) | |
Mixed positive / negative | 222 (11) | 129 (13) | 79 (8) | |
Missing data | 184 (9) | 62 (6) | 78 (8) | |
Total | 2114 | 994 | 949 | |
Shared Experience was About Lack of Respect and/or Judgement | ||||
No | 1487 (70) | 615 (62) | 787 (83) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 396 (19) | 291 (29) | 85 (9) | |
Not sure / prefer not to say | 231 (11) | 88 (9) | 77 (8) | |
Total | 2114 | 994 | 949 | |