Table 2 Characteristics of included CPGs

Producer category

International Collaboration

27 (46.6)

[27, 46, 53, 54, 61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74, 76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83]

Professional Society

16 (27.6)

[28, 29, 31, 32, 34, 36, 38, 41, 44, 45, 47, 49,50,51,52, 60]

Government Organisation

13 (22.4)

[26, 30, 33, 35, 37, 42, 43, 48, 55,56,57,58,59]

Academic Institutions

2 (3.4)

[39, 40]

Year of publication / updated

2011 – 2013

5 (8.6)

[26,27,28,29,30]

2014 – 2016

11 (19.0)

[31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38, 56,57,58,59]

2017 – 2019

14 (24.1)

[39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46, 48,49,50, 55]

2020 – 2021

28 (48.3)

[51,52,53,54, 60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74, 76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83]

Target region of guideline

European Region

25 (43.1)

[26, 34, 38,39,40,41,42,43, 45, 46, 48, 50,51,52,53,54,55, 57,58,59, 81,82,83]

Western Pacific Region

21 (34.5)

[61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68, 70,71,72,73,74, 76,77,78,79,80]

Region of the Americas

11 (19.0)

[28,29,30,31,32,33, 35, 36, 47, 49, 60]

African Region

1 (1.7)

[27]

South-East Asian Region (SEAR)

[37]

Target audience/users

Clinicians (including paramedics)

25 (43.1)

[28, 29, 31, 33,34,35,36, 39,40,41,42, 44, 45, 50,51,52, 55, 57,58,59, 77,78,79,80]

Clinicians & laypeople

15 (25.9)

[27, 37, 46, 49, 60,61,62,63,64,65,66, 73, 81,82,83]

Laypeople

13 (22.4)

[26, 43, 53, 54, 67,68,69,70,71,72, 74, 76]

Paramedics only

5 (8.6)

[30, 32, 38, 47, 48]

Target patient population

Infants, children and adults

43 (74.1)

[26,27,28,29,30, 32,33,34,35,36, 38, 41, 43,44,45,46, 49,50,51,52,53,54,55, 57,58,59, 61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74, 76, 81,82,83]

Adults only

8 (13.8)

[37, 42, 47, 48, 60]

Infants and children only

5 (8.6)

[31, 77,78,79,80]

Pregnant women

2 (3.5)

[39, 40]

Development approach

De novo

39 (67.2)

[26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44, 46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55, 57,58,59,60, 68,69,70,71,72, 82, 83]

Alternative

19 (32.8)

[45, 61,62,63,64,65,66,67, 73, 74, 76,77,78,79,80,81]

Evidence grading system or tool

GRADE

37 (63.8)

[27, 28, 32, 33, 35, 37, 38, 41,42,43,44, 47, 48, 50,51,52,53,54,55, 57,58,59, 61,62,63,64,65,66,67, 70, 74, 76, 81,82,83]

Grade & National Health and Medical Research Council hybrid

5 (8.6)

[73, 77,78,79,80]

American College of Chest Physicians

3 (5.2)

[36, 46, 49]

EAST Primer

3 (5.2)

[29,30,31]

Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine

2 (3.4)

[34, 45]

Shekelle, 1999

2 (3.4)

[39, 40]

American College of Cardiology—American Heart Association

1 (1.7)

[60]

National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia)

1 (1.7)

[69]

Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network

1 (1.7)

[26]

Other—not specified

3 (6.9)

[68, 71, 72]

Strength of recommendations presented

Yes

53 (91.4)

[27,28,29, 31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55, 57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67, 69, 70, 73, 74, 76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83]

No

5 (8.6)

[26, 30, 68, 71, 72]