Table 4 Key findings for the effectiveness of interventions for smoking outcomes
Author (year) | Intervention | Outcome | Number of studies | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Lemhoefer et al., (2017) [33] | Smoking cessation interventions including MI, cessation advice, booster calls, NRT, materials and referral to telephone quit lines | Self-reported 7 days of tobacco-use abstinence | 11 (pooled results: 4 new + 7 from Rabe et al., 2013) | • 1 month and 3 months after ETC (emergency-department initiated tobacco control), pooled 7-day point-prevalence abstinence was significantly higher in the ETC group compared to the control group; at 12-month follow-up, pooled results were not significant • For on-site motivational interviewing combined with booster telephone calls, pooled results showed higher point prevalence abstinence in ETC than in the control condition • Pooling only the 4 newly retrieved studies found the effect size was larger than in the previous meta-analysis |
Pelletier et al., (2014) [34] | Smoking cessation interventions in an adult or paediatric ED setting including materials, brief advice, counselling, NRT, MI | Smoking cessation rate | 12/13 | • Differences in smoking cessation rates among intervention and comparison groups |
9/13 | • Differences in cessation rates between compared groups were non-significant | |||
1/13 | • No difference in self-reported quit rates between brief advice and motivational interviewing groups for paediatric patients; non-significant differences between the groups in self-reported smoking reduction rates | |||
Rabe et al., (2013) [35] | Smoking cessation interventions including MI, referral to cessation programme, booster phone calls | Self-reported 7 days of tobacco-use abstinence | 5/7 | • Smoking abstinence higher in the intervention group compared with control group at follow-up |
3/7 | • Positive significant effect of ETC on 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence at one month | |||
6/7 | • Positive effects apparent at 3- and 6-month follow-up | |||
1/7 | • Twelve-month data showed benefit of ETC compared with control condition | |||
7/7 | • Benefit of ETC versus control condition on combined 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence | |||
5/7 | • Sensitivity analyses: there was benefit of ETC on combined 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence when MI in the ED was followed by booster telephone calls |