Table 1 Characteristics of the selected articles
Study, Year | Country | Research scale | Subject group | Number | Record period | ML model | Predictive power | Validation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
72-hour URVs | ||||||||
Lee et al. 2012 | US | Single center | Pediatric patients | 66,861 | 2009 | DAMIP model | AUC 0.85 | AUC 0.831 |
Hu et al. 2017 | Taiwan | Nation-based | Pediatric patients | 125,940 | 1998 to 2009 | NaĂŻve Bayes model | AUC 0.644 | x |
Simple Cart model | AUC 0.721 | x | ||||||
RF model | AUC 0.723 | x | ||||||
LR model | AUC 0.718 | x | ||||||
Pellerin et al. 2018 | US | Multicenter (4) | All patients | 21,141 | 2014 | LR model | AUC 0.74 | AUC 0.7279 |
Fernades et al. 2019 | Portugal | Single center | Adult patients | 511,301 | 2012 to 2016 | LR model | AUC 0.842 | x |
SVM model | AUC 0.791 | x | ||||||
Meng et al. 2019 | Singapore | Single center | All patients | 328,733 | 2011 to 2013 | LR model | Accuracy 0.67 | AUC 0.66 |
DAMIP model | Accuracy 0.728 | AUC 0.728 | ||||||
Hong et al. 2019 | US | Multicenter (2) | Adult patients | 330,631 | March 2013 to July 2017 | LR model | 72Â h-URV: AUC 0.69 | AUC 0.692 |
9d-URV: AUC 0.71 | AUC 0.708 | |||||||
XGB model | 72Â h-URV: AUC 0.73 | AUC 0.717 | ||||||
9d-URV: AUC 0.73 | AUC 0.727 | |||||||
Chen et al. 2021 | Taiwan | Nation-based | Patients older than 65 | 49,252 | 1996 to 2010 | Decision tree-based model | AUC 0.768 | x |
Chimel et al., 2021 | UK | Single center | Adult patients | 44,294 | April 2019 to April 2020 | XGB model | AUC 0.761 | AUC 0.747 |
Hsu et al. 2022 | Taiwan | Multicenter (2) | Patients with abdominal pain | 290,914 | 2018 to 2019 | LR model | AUC 0.73 | x |
RF model | AUC 0.71 | x | ||||||
XGB model | AUC 0.74 | x | ||||||
Reduced VC model | AUC 0.72 | x | ||||||
Xie et al. 2022 | Singapore | Nation-based | All patients | 216,877 | 2011 to 2019 | LR model | AUC 0.683 | x |
RF model | AUC 0.666 | x | ||||||
XGB model | AUC 0.700 | x | ||||||
AutoScore model | AUC 0.673 | x | ||||||
MLP model | AUC 0.696 | x | ||||||
Med2Vec model | AUC 0.673 | x | ||||||
LSTM model | AUC 0.694 | x | ||||||
30-day URVs | ||||||||
Hao et al. 2014 | US | Nation-based | All patients | 293,461 | 2012 | Decision tree-based model | AUC 0.71 | x |
Suffoletto et al. 2016 | US | Multicenter (2) | Patients older than 65 | 202 | 2015 | LR model | AUC 0.69 | x |
Poole et al. 2016 | US | County-based | All patients | 1,125,118 | 2010 to 2014 | LR model | AUC: 0.77 | x |
Lasso model | AUC 0.84 | x | ||||||
RF model | AUC 0.98 | x | ||||||
Fowler et al. 2017 | US | Single center | All patients | 91,297 | 2010 to 2015 | XGB model | AUC 0.75 | x |