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  2. The purpose of patient safety is to prevent harm occurring in the healthcare system. Patient safety is improved by the use of a reporting system in which healthcare workers can document and learn from incident...

    Authors: Ahmed I. Albarrak, Ammar S. Almansour, Ali A. Alzahrani, Abdulaziz H. Almalki, Abdulrahman A. Alshehri and Rafiuddin Mohammed

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:98

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  3. Emergency departments (EDs) worldwide have been in the epicentre of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, the impact of the pandemic and national emergency measures on the number of non-COVID-19 p...

    Authors: Jalmari Tuominen, Ville Hällberg, Niku Oksala, Ari Palomäki, Timo Lukkarinen and Antti Roine

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:97

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Typical lung ultrasound (LUS) findings in patients with a COVID-19 infection were reported early on. During the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, LUS was propagated as a useful instrument in triage and monitoring. W...

    Authors: Bonaventura Schmid, Doreen Feuerstein, Corinna N. Lang, Katrin Fink, Rebecca Steger, Marina Rieder, Daniel Duerschmied, Hans-Jörg Busch and Domagoj Damjanovic

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:96

    Content type: Research article

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  5. The so called ABCDE approach (Airway-Breathing-Circulation-Disability-Exposure) is a golden standard of patient assessment. The efficacy of using cognitive aids (CA) in resuscitation and peri-arrest situations...

    Authors: David Peran, Jiri Kodet, Jaroslav Pekara, Lucie Mala, Anatolij Truhlar, Patrik Christian Cmorej, Kasper Glerup Lauridsen, Ferenc Sari and Roman Sykora

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:95

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Since the vast majority of older adults in Sweden live in their private homes throughout life, the emergency medical services need to adapt accordingly. Hence, we aimed to describe characteristic patterns of d...

    Authors: Anna Hjalmarsson, Mats Holmberg, Margareta Asp, Gunnel Östlund, Kent W. Nilsson and Birgitta Kerstis

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:94

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Prothrombin Complex Concentrates (PCC) are prescribed for emergent warfarin reversal (EWR). The comparative effectiveness and safety among PCC products are not fully understood.

    Authors: David J. Margraf, Scott Seaburg, Gregory J. Beilman, Julian Wolfson, Jonathan C. Gipson and Scott A. Chapman

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:93

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Sudden loss of consciousness (LOC) in the prehospital setting in the absence of cardiac arrest and seizure activity may be a challenge from a dispatcher’s perspective: The aetiology is varied, with many causes...

    Authors: J. Mohindru, J. E. Griggs, R. de Coverly, R. M. Lyon and E. ter Avest

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:92

    Content type: Research article

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  9. In-hospital mortality in trauma patients has decreased recently owing to improved trauma injury prevention systems. However, no study has evaluated the validity of the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) ...

    Authors: Chiaki Toida, Takashi Muguruma, Masayasu Gakumazawa, Mafumi Shinohara, Takeru Abe, Ichiro Takeuchi and Naoto Morimura

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:91

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Traffic accidents constitute a common reason for injury. Little is known about long-term outcomes for patients following a traffic accident. Therefore, in this present paper, we examine 1-day, 30-day and 1-yea...

    Authors: Kristian Bundgaard Ringgren, Elisabeth Helen Anna Mills, Erika Frischknecht Christensen, Rikke Nørmark Mortensen, Christian Torp-Pedersen and Kristian Hay Kragholm

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:90

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Dyspnoea is one of the most common reasons for patients contacting emergency medical services (EMS). Pre-hospital Emergency Nurses (PENs) are independently responsible for advanced care and to meet these patie...

    Authors: Wivica Kauppi, Johan Herlitz, Thomas Karlsson, Carl Magnusson, Lina Palmér and Christer Axelsson

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:89

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Organizational changes in out-of-hour (OOH) services may have unintended consequences for other prehospital services. Reports indicate an increased use of helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) after cha...

    Authors: Dag Ståle Nystøyl, Jo Røislien, Øyvind Østerås, Steinar Hunskaar, Hans Johan Breidablik and Erik Zakariassen

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:88

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Although the shock index is known to predict mortality and other severe outcomes, deriving it requires complex calculations. Subtracting the systolic blood pressure from the heart rate may produce a simple sho...

    Authors: Yohei Kamikawa and Hiroyuki Hayashi

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:87

    Content type: Research article

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  14. It remains unclear whether transcatheter arterial embolisation (TAE) is as safe and effective for paediatric patients with blunt torso trauma as it is for adults in Japan, owing to few trauma cases and sporadi...

    Authors: Masayasu Gakumazawa, Chiaki Toida, Takashi Muguruma, Naoki Yogo, Mafumi Shinohara and Ichiro Takeuchi

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:86

    Content type: Research article

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  15. A decision system in the ambulance allowing alternative pathways to alternate healthcare providers has been developed for older patients in Stockholm, Sweden. However, subsequent healthcare resource use result...

    Authors: Sofi Varg, Veronica Vicente, Maaret Castren, Peter Lindgren and Clas Rehnberg

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:85

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Applied Research Associates (ARA) and the United States Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR) have been developing a tablet-based simulation environment for burn wound assessment and burn shock resuscit...

    Authors: Austin Baird, Maria Serio-Melvin, Matthew Hackett, Marcia Clover, Matthew McDaniel, Michael Rowland, Alicia Williams and Bradly Wilson

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:84

    Content type: Software

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  17. The aim of the emergency department (ED) triage is to recognize critically ill patients and to allocate resources. No strong evidence for accuracy of the current triage instruments, especially for the older ad...

    Authors: Kirsi Kemp, Janne Alakare, Veli-Pekka Harjola, Timo Strandberg, Jukka Tolonen, Lasse Lehtonen and Maaret Castrén

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:83

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Emergency department personnel routinely bear witness to traumatic experiences and critical incidents that can affect their own well-being. Peer support through debriefing has demonstrated positive impacts on ...

    Authors: Laura Cantu and Listy Thomas

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:82

    Content type: Research article

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  19. The aim of this review is to elucidate the efficacy and side effects of ketofol in comparison to other anaesthetic agents during procedural sedation and analgesia.

    Authors: Tze Yong Foo, Norhayati Mohd Noor, Mohd Boniami Yazid, Mohd Hashairi Fauzi, Shaik Farid Abdull Wahab and Mohammad Zikri Ahmad

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:81

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) has become an alternative to an invasive artificial airway for the management of acute respiratory failure (ARF). NIV failure causes delayed intubation, which eventual...

    Authors: W. Liengswangwong, C. Yuksen, T. Thepkong, P. Nakasint and C. Jenpanitpong

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:80

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Defined as a ‘guided reflective learning conversation’, ‘debriefing’ is most often undertaken in small groups following healthcare simulation training. Clinical debriefing (CD) following experiences in the wor...

    Authors: Andrew Coggins, Aaron De Los Santos, Ramez Zaklama and Margaret Murphy

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:79

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication of sepsis that may result in worse outcomes. This study was designed to determine the epidemiology, clinical features, and risk factors of SAE.

    Authors: Jiayi Chen, Xiaobei Shi, Mengyuan Diao, Guangyong Jin, Ying Zhu, Wei Hu and Shaosong Xi

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:77

    Content type: Research article

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  24. With increased focus on early resuscitation methods following injury to improve patient outcomes, studies are employing exception from informed consent (EFIC) enrollment. Few studies have assessed patients’ op...

    Authors: Insiyah Campwala, Francis X. Guyette, Joshua B. Brown, Peter W. Adams, Barbara J. Early, Mark H. Yazer, Matthew D. Neal, Brian S. Zuckerbraun and Jason L. Sperry

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:76

    Content type: Research article

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  25. In order to the significance of lessons learned from the natural disasters for health care systems particularly in developing and under-developed countries, the main purpose of this study was to identify chall...

    Authors: Mohammadtaghi Mohammadpour, Omid Sadeghkhani, Peivand Bastani, Ramin Ravangard and Rita Rezaee

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:75

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Obstetric triage is a new idea, so the design and implementation of it requires identification of its concept and structure. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the concept and structure of the ob...

    Authors: Asieh Moudi, Mina Iravani, Mahin Najafian, Armin Zareiyan, Arash Forouzan and Mojgan Mirghafourvand

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:74

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Clinical decision-making (CDM) is an important competency for young doctors especially under complex and uncertain conditions in geriatric emergency medicine (GEM). However, research in this field is character...

    Authors: Maria Louise Gamborg, Mimi Mehlsen, Charlotte Paltved, Gitte Tramm and Peter Musaeus

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:73

    Content type: Research article

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  28. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends involving lay people in prehospital care. Several training programmes have been implemented to build lay responder first aid skills. Findings show that most progr...

    Authors: Menti L. Ndile, Britt-Inger Saveman, Gift G. Lukumay, Dickson A. Mkoka, Anne H. Outwater and Susann Backteman-Erlanson

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:72

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Amidst the ongoing opioid crisis there are debates regarding the optimal route of administration and dosages of naloxone. This applies both for lay people administration and emergency medical services, and in ...

    Authors: Ida Tylleskar, Linn Gjersing, Lars Petter Bjørnsen, Anne-Cathrine Braarud, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Ola Dale and Arne Kristian Skulberg

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:71

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Vestibular symptoms are a frequent reason for presenting at the emergency department (ED). Underlying conditions range in severity from life-threatening to benign, but often remain undiagnosed despite extensiv...

    Authors: Martin Müller, Martina B. Goeldlin, Janika Gaschen, Thomas C. Sauter, Stephanie Stock, Franca Wagner, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Urs Fischer, Roger Kalla and Georgios Mantokoudis

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:70

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Worldwide, policies exist on family presence during resuscitation (FPDR), however, this is still lacking in the Gulf Corporation Countries (GCC) in general and in the Kingdom of Bahrain in particular. The aim ...

    Authors: Feras H. Abuzeyad, Ahmed Elhobi, Wael Kamkoum, Luma Bashmi, Ghada Al-Qasim, Leena Alqasem, Naser Mohamed Ali Mansoor, Stephanie Hsu and Priya Das

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:69

    Content type: Research article

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  32. More than half of deaths in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) result from conditions that could be treated with emergency care - an integral component of universal health coverage (UHC) - through timely...

    Authors: Fiona E. Lecky, Teri Reynolds, Olubukola Otesile, Sara Hollis, Janette Turner, Gordon Fuller, Ian Sammy, Jean Williams-Johnson, Heike Geduld, Andrea G. Tenner, Simone French, Ishtar Govia, Julie Balen, Steve Goodacre, Sujan B. Marahatta, Shaheem DeVries…

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:68

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. Dyspnoea (breathing difficulty) is among the most commonly cited reasons for contacting emergency medical services (EMSs). Dyspnoea is caused by several serious underlying medical conditions and, based on pati...

    Authors: Wivica Kauppi, Johan Herlitz, Carl Magnusson, Lina Palmér and Christer Axelsson

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:67

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  34. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Nadir Ijaz, Matthew Strehlow, N. Ewen Wang, Elizabeth Pirrotta, Areeba Tariq, Naseeruddin Mahmood and Swaminatha Mahadevan

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:66

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Emergency Medicine 2018 18:22

  35. People living in rural areas usually suffer comparatively disadvantaged emergency health care than those living in urban areas, reasons including long transit time due to geographic factors. As for many time c...

    Authors: Xing Fu, Philip Wilson and Wing Sun Faith Chung

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:65

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. Selecting stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) based on prehospital stroke scales could provide a faster triage and transportation to a comprehensive stroke centre resulting a favourable outcome. ...

    Authors: Gabor Tarkanyi, Peter Csecsei, Istvan Szegedi, Evelin Feher, Adam Annus, Tihamer Molnar and Laszlo Szapary

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:64

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Emergency care research into ‘Silver Trauma’, which is simply defined as major trauma consequent upon relatively minor injury mechanisms, is facing many challenges including that at present, there is no clear ...

    Authors: Abdullah Alshibani, Jay Banerjee, Fiona Lecky, Timothy J. Coats, Rebecca Prest, Áine Mitchell, Emily Laithwaite, Matt Wensley and Simon Conroy

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:63

    Content type: Research article

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  38. To manage increasing demand for emergency and unscheduled care NHS England policy has promoted services in which patients presenting to Emergency Departments (EDs) with non-urgent problems are directed to gene...

    Authors: Michelle Edwards, Alison Cooper, Freya Davies, Rebecca Sherlock, Andrew Carson-Stevens, Delyth Price, Alison Porter, Bridie Evans, Saiful Islam, Helen Snooks, Pippa Anderson, Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena, Peter Hibbert, Thomas Hughes, Matthew Cooke, Jeremy Dale…

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:62

    Content type: Research article

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  39. There has been an increasing demand for emergency medical services (EMS), and a growing number of patients are not conveyed; i.e., they are referred to levels of care other than ambulance conveyance to the eme...

    Authors: Erik Höglund, Magnus Andersson-Hagiwara, Agneta Schröder, Margareta Möller and Emma Ohlsson-Nevo

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:61

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Despite regionalization efforts, delays at transferring hospitals for patients transferred with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) persist. These de...

    Authors: Michael J. Ward, Timothy J. Vogus, Kemberlee Bonnet, Kelly Moser, David Schlundt and Sunil Kripalani

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:60

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Syncope is a frequent reason for referral to the emergency department. After excluding a potentially life-threatening condition, the second objective is to find the cause of syncope. The objective of this stud...

    Authors: Veera K. van Wijnen, Reinold O. B. Gans, Wouter Wieling, Jan C. ter Maaten and Mark P. M. Harms

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:59

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. Malnutrition often occurs in acute stroke patients receiving enteral tube feeding (ETF). Unless malnutrition is improved, their clinical outcome is poor. However, strategies to improve malnutrition in these pa...

    Authors: Takahisa Mori and Kazuhiro Yoshioka

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:56

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:99

  45. Massive infusions of crystalloids into bleeding hypotensive patients can worsen the outcome. Military experience suggests avoiding crystalloids using early damage control resuscitation with blood components in...

    Authors: Pauli Vuorinen, Joonas-Eemeli Kiili, Piritta Setälä, Antti Kämäräinen and Sanna Hoppu

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:55

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. No study to date has looked at the gender of emergency medicine (EM) physicians in the United States in relation to admission rates. This study seeks to investigate admission rates of adult patients treated by...

    Authors: Hisham Valiuddin, Hope Ring, Michelle Fallon and Yaser Valiuddin

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:54

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Willem F. van der Mei, Anna C. Barbano, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Richard A. Bryant, Douglas L. Delahanty, Terri A. deRoon-Cassini, Betty S. Lai, Sarah R. Lowe, Yutaka J. Matsuoka, Miranda Olff, Wei Qi, Ulrich Schnyder, Soraya Seedat, Ronald C. Kessler, Karestan C. Koenen and Arieh Y. Shalev

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:53

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:16

  48. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent among road traffic accident survivors (RTA), yet the psychological welfare of the persons has largely been ignored as health care professionals focus more on ...

    Authors: Asres Bedaso, Gemechu Kediro, Jemal Ebrahim, Firkru Tadesse, Shewangizaw Mekonnen, Negeso Gobena and Ephrem Gebrehana

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:52

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Emergency Department (ED) crowding occurs when demand for care exceeds the available resources. Crowding has been associated with decreased quality of care and increased mortality, but the prevalence on a nati...

    Authors: Jens Wretborn, Joakim Henricson, Ulf Ekelund and Daniel B. Wilhelms

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2020 20:50

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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BMC Emergency Medicine

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