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  1. For decades, Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) contribute greatly to prehospital patient care by performing advanced medical interventions on-scene. Unnecessary dispatches, resulting in cancellation...

    Authors: E. Berkeveld, T. C. N. Sierkstra, P. Schober, L. A. Schwarte, M. Terra, M. A. de Leeuw, F. W. Bloemers and G. F. Giannakopoulos

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:50

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  2. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Jens Wretborn, Håkan Starkenberg, Thoralph Ruge, Daniel B. Wilhelms and Ulf Ekelund

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:49

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:21

  3. Emergency departments (EDs) across Canada are increasingly prescribing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder (OUD). The objective of this study was to identify the current knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours ...

    Authors: David Wiercigroch, Patricia Hoyeck, Hasan Sheikh and Jennifer Hulme

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:48

    Content type: Research

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  4. Suicide is a painful consequence of many psychiatric disorders and one of the most frequent psychiatric emergencies. Generally, pre-hospital technician is the first person in the treatment chain who attends th...

    Authors: Fatemeh Shirzad, Shakiba Gholamzad, Maisam Shafiee and Seyed Vahid Shariat

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:47

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  5. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Chao Zhang and Min Ou

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:46

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:6

  6. The initial care of patients with sepsis is commonly performed by ambulance clinicians (ACs). Early identification, care and treatment are vital for patients with sepsis to avoid adverse outcomes. However, kno...

    Authors: Agnes Olander, Anders Bremer, Annelie J. Sundler, Magnus Andersson Hagiwara and Henrik Andersson

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:45

    Content type: Research article

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  7. When in need of emergency care and ambulance services, the ambulance nurse is often the first point of contact for the patient with healthcare. This role requires comprehensive knowledge of the ambulance nurse...

    Authors: Veronica Vicente, Anders Johansson, Magnus Selling, Johnny Johansson, Sebastian Möller and Lizbet Todorova

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:44

    Content type: Research article

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  8. The COVID-19 pandemic and the associated lockdowns have caused significant disruptions across society, including changes in the number of emergency department (ED) visits. This study aims to investigate the im...

    Authors: J. Panovska-Griffiths, J. Ross, S. Elkhodair, C. Baxter-Derrington, C. Laing and R. Raine

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:43

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Recent studies have shown a decrease of admissions to accident and emergency (A&E) departments after the local outbreaks of COVID-19. However, differential trends of admission counts, for example according to ...

    Authors: Philipp Jaehn, Christine Holmberg, Greta Uhlenbrock, Andreas Pohl, Thomas Finkenzeller, Michael T. Pawlik, Ivo Quack, Antonio Ernstberger, Felix Rockmann and Andreas G. Schreyer

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:42

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains the leading cause of cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity worldwide. While the management quality measures and clinical outcomes of patients with ACS have been e...

    Authors: Korinan Fanta, Fekede Bekele Daba, Elsah Tegene, Tsegaye Melaku, Ginenus Fekadu and Legese Chelkeba

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:41

    Content type: Research article

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  12. The COVID-19 pandemic is a major public health problem. Subsequently, emergency medical services (EMS) have anecdotally experienced fluctuations in demand, with reports across Canada of both increased and decr...

    Authors: Richard Ferron, Gina Agarwal, Rhiannon Cooper and Douglas Munkley

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:39

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Dizziness is a relatively common symptom among patients who call for the emergency medical services (EMS).

    Authors: C. Magnusson, J. Gärskog, E. Lökholm, J. Stenström, R. Wetter, C. Axelsson, M. Andersson Hagiwara, N. Packendorff, K. Jood, T. Karlsson and J. Herlitz

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:38

    Content type: Research article

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  14. It is recommended that difficult airway predictors be evaluated before emergency airway management. However, little is known about how patients with difficult airway predictors are managed in emergency departm...

    Authors: Jutamas Saoraya, Komsanti Vongkulbhisal, Norawit Kijpaisalratana, Suthaporn Lumlertgul, Khrongwong Musikatavorn and Atthasit Komindr

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:37

    Content type: Research article

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  15. While COVID-19 has had far-reaching consequences on society and health care providers, there is a paucity of research exploring frontline emergency medicine (EM) provider wellness over the course of a pandemic...

    Authors: Heather Kelker, Kyle Yoder, Paul Musey Jr, Madison Harris, Olivia Johnson, Elisa Sarmiento, Punit Vyas, Brooke Henderson, Zachary Adams and Julie Welch

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:36

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Emergency medical services (EMS) providers are at continuous exposure to occupational stressors which negatively affect their health and professional practice. This study explored perceived occupational stress...

    Authors: Ali Afshari, Seyed Reza Borzou, Farshid Shamsaei, Eesa Mohammadi and Leili Tapak

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:35

    Content type: Research article

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  17. This study analyzed the characteristics of hydrogen fluoride-exposed patients (HFEPs) treated in the emergency department (ED) of a local university hospital, and reviewed the hospital’s disaster response acco...

    Authors: Heejun Shin, Se Kwang Oh, Han You Lee, Heajin Chung, Seong Yong Yoon, Sung Yong Choi and Jae Hyuk Kim

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:34

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Adult emergency department mortality remains high in resource-limited lower-income countries. The majority of deaths occur within the first 24 h of presentation to the emergency department. Many of these morta...

    Authors: Hanna Daniel Yosha, Achamyelesh Tadele, Sisay Teklu and Kidest Getu Melese

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:33

    Content type: Research article

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  19. On October 17, 2018, the Cannabis Act decriminalized the recreational use of cannabis in Canada. This study seeks to determine how legalization of cannabis has impacted emergency department (ED) visits for acu...

    Authors: Robert Baraniecki, Puru Panchal, Danya Deepsee Malhotra, Alexandra Aliferis and Zaka Zia

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:32

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Patients discharged against medical advice (DAMA) act as a high-risk population for the Emergency Department (ED), regardless of their presentations, and can pose a serious burden for the hospital. This study ...

    Authors: Feras H. Abuzeyad, Moonis Farooq, Salah Farhat Alam, Mudhaffar Ismael Ibrahim, Luma Bashmi, Shaikha Sami Aljawder, Najeh Ellouze, Abdulla Almusalam, Stephanie Hsu and Priya Das

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:31

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a common urgent condition at the emergency department (ED). However, current guidelines for diagnosis do not specify the juncture at which blood cultures should be taken. The dec...

    Authors: Pariwat Phungoen, Nunchalit Lerdprawat, Kittisak Sawanyawisuth, Verajit Chotmongkol, Kamonwon Ienghong, Sumana Sumritrin and Korakot Apiratwarakul

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:30

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The number of operations by the German emergency medical service almost doubled between 1994 and 2016. The associated expenses increased by 380% in a similar period. Operations with treatment on-site, which re...

    Authors: Marc S. Schehadat, Guido Scherer, David A. Groneberg, Manfred Kaps and Michael H. K. Bendels

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:29

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Spinal injuries are present in 16–31% of polytraumatized patients. Rapid identification of spinal injuries requiring immobilization or operative treatment is essential. The Lodox-Statscan (LS) has evolved into...

    Authors: Sonja Häckel, Elena Hofmann, Helen Anwander, Christoph E. Albers, Jasmin Basedow, Sebastian F. Bigdon, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Marius J. B. Keel, Robert N. Dunn, Sithombo Maqungo, Lorin M. Benneker, Michael Held and Sven Hoppe

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:27

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Sudden cardiac death remains a leading cause of mortality in Canada, resulting in more than 35,000 deaths annually. Most cardiac arrest victims collapse in their own home (85% of the time) and 50% are witnesse...

    Authors: Christian Vaillancourt, Manya Charette, Sarika Naidoo, Monica Taljaard, Matthew Church, Stephanie Hodges, Shannon Leduc, Jim Christenson, Sheldon Cheskes, Katie Dainty, Michael Feldman, Judah Goldstein, John Tallon, Jennie Helmer, Aaron Sibley, Matthew Spidel…

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:26

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  26. We sought to describe the national characteristics of ED visits by patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States in order to improve the emergency treatment and screening of ESRD patients.

    Authors: Ningyuan Wang, Jiao Pei, Hui Fan, Yaseen Ali, Anna Prushinskaya, Jian Zhao and Xingyu Zhang

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:25

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) has been reported as better indicator of bacteremia than procalcitonin (PCT), and more precise predictor of mortality than C-reactive protein (CRP) under various medica...

    Authors: Tao Zhou, Nan Zheng, Xiang Li, Dongmei Zhu and Yi Han

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:24

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Kurdistan province of Iran is among disaster prone areas of the country. The Primary Health Care facilities in Iran deliver health services at all levels nationwide. Resiliency and flexibility of such faciliti...

    Authors: Arezoo Yari, Yadolah Zarezadeh, Farin Fatemi, Ali Ardalan, Siamak Vahedi, Homa Yousefi-Khoshsabeghe, Mohsen Soufi Boubakran, Farzam Bidarpoor and Mohamad Esmaeil Motlagh

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:23

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  29. Noise levels are monitored in call centres. A maximum of 52 to 55 dB(A) is recommended in order to prevent adverse events. We aimed at assessing the noise level and the impact of a visual noise indicator on th...

    Authors: Justin Outrey, Jean-Baptiste Pretalli, Sophie Pujol, Alice Brembilla, Thibaut Desmettre, Christophe Lambert, Jean-Marc Labourey, Frédéric Mauny and Abdo Khoury

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:22

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  30. Emergency Department crowding is associated with increased morbidity and mortality but no measure of crowding has been validated in Sweden. We have previously derived and internally validated the Skåne Emergen...

    Authors: Jens Wretborn, Håkan Starkenberg, Thoralph Ruge, Daniel B. Wilhelms and Ulf Ekelund

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:21

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:49

  31. Becoming critically ill represents not just a great upheaval for the patient in question, but also for the patient’s closest family. In recent years, there has been a change in how the quality of the public he...

    Authors: Randi Olsson Haave, Hilde Hammerud Bakke and Agneta Schröder

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:20

    Content type: Research article

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  32. A lack of follow-up of violence incidents and assaulted staff has been associated with high levels of workplace violence. There is a paucity of literature on the barriers, enablers and opportunities for organi...

    Authors: Brodie Thomas, Anthony McGillion, Kristina Edvardsson, Peter O’Meara, Julia Van Vuuren and Evelien Spelten

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:19

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Mechanical chest compression (mCPR) offers advantages during transport under cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Little is known how devices of different design perform en-route. Aim of the study was to measure per...

    Authors: Maximilian Jörgens, Jürgen Königer, Karl-Georg Kanz, Torsten Birkholz, Heiko Hübner, Stephan Prückner, Bernhard Zwissler and Heiko Trentzsch

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:18

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Long-term prescription of opioids by healthcare professionals has been linked to poor individual patient outcomes and high resource utilization. Supportive strategies in this population regarding acute healthc...

    Authors: Jean Deschamps, James Gilbertson, Sebastian Straube, Kathryn Dong, Frank P. MacMaster, Christina Korownyk, Lori Montgomery, Ryan Mahaffey, James Downar, Hance Clarke, John Muscedere, Katherine Rittenbach, Robin Featherstone, Meghan Sebastianski, Ben Vandermeer, Deborah Lynam…

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:17

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  35. Existing scoring systems to predict mortality in acute pancreatitis may not be directly applicable to the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study was to derive and validate the ED-SAS, a simple ...

    Authors: Joseph Miller, Yiyang Wu, Rawan Safa, Georgiana Marusca, Sandeep Bhatti, Guneet Ahluwalia, Jad Dandashi, Harold Gomez Acevedo, Naureen Farook, Ashley Scott, Vidhya Nair, Angie Adhami, Jeffrey Dueweke, Sudarshan Hebbar and Leeland Ekstrom

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:16

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Early warning systems (EWSs) are used to assist clinical judgment in the detection of acute deterioration to avoid or reduce adverse events including unanticipated cardiopulmonary arrest, admission to the inte...

    Authors: S. M. O’Neill, B. Clyne, M. Bell, A. Casey, B. Leen, S. M. Smith, M. Ryan and M. O’Neill

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:15

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Acute Heart Failure (AHF) is a common condition that often presents with acute respiratory distress and requires urgent medical evaluation and treatment. Arterial hypercapnia is common in AHF and has been asso...

    Authors: Mathias Fabre, Christophe A. Fehlmann, Birgit Gartner, Catherine G. Zimmermann-Ivoll, Florian Rey, François Sarasin and Laurent Suppan

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:14

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Standard prehospital management for Acute respiratory failure (ARF) involves controlled oxygen therapy. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a potentially beneficial alternative treatment, however, it...

    Authors: Praveen Thokala, Gordon W. Fuller, Steve Goodacre, Samuel Keating, Esther Herbert, Gavin D. Perkins, Andy Rosser, Imogen Gunson, Joshua Miller, Matthew Ward, Mike Bradburn, Tim Harris, Maggie Marsh, Kate Ren and Cindy Cooper

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:13

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Failed airway management is the major contributor for anaesthesia-related morbidity and mortality. Cannot-intubate-cannot-ventilate scenarios are the most critical emergency in airway management, and belong to th...

    Authors: H. Herff, W. A. Wetsch, S. Finke, F. Dusse, T. Mitterlechner, P. Paal, V. Wenzel and D. C. Schroeder

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:12

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Having to work in unpredictable and critical conditions, emergency care services (EMS) personnel experience complicated situations at the scene of accidents which, inevitably, influence their clinical decision...

    Authors: Mostafa Bijani, Saeed Abedi, Shahnaz Karimi and Banafsheh Tehranineshat

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:11

    Content type: Research article

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  41. A variety of evidence-based algorithms and decision rules using D-Dimer testing have been proposed as instruments to allow physicians to safely rule out a pulmonary embolism (PE) in low-risk patients.

    Authors: Leila Salehi, Prashant Phalpher, Hubert Yu, Jeffrey Jaskolka, Marc Ossip, Christopher Meaney, Rahim Valani and Mathew Mercuri

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:10

    Content type: Research article

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  42. There were 25.6 million attendances at Emergency Departments (EDs) in England in 2019 corresponding to an increase of 12 million attendances over the past ten years. The steadily rising demand at EDs creates a...

    Authors: Michaela A.C. Vollmer, Ben Glampson, Thomas Mellan, Swapnil Mishra, Luca Mercuri, Ceire Costello, Robert Klaber, Graham Cooke, Seth Flaxman and Samir Bhatt

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:9

    Content type: Research article

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  43. The South African Triage Scale (SATS) is a validated in-hospital triage tool that has been innovatively adopted for use in the prehospital setting by Western Cape Government (WCG) Emergency Medical Services (E...

    Authors: Nee-Kofi Mould-Millman, Julia M. Dixon, Taylor Burkholder, Jennifer L. Pigoga, Michael Lee, Shaheem de Vries, Kubendhren Moodley, Maxene Meier, Kathryn Colborn, Chandni Patel and Lee A. Wallis

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:8

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Carbon monoxide causes electrical, functional, and morphological changes in the heart. It is unclear, however, whether the indicators of myocardial damage can predict the patient’s prognosis after carbon monox...

    Authors: Hitoshi Koga, Hideki Tashiro, Kouta Mukasa, Tomohiro Inoue, Aya Okamoto, Shougo Urabe, Shuuichirou Sagara, Kazumi Yano, Kouhei Onitsuka and Hisashi Yamashita

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:7

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Optimization of preoxygenation procedure can help to secure the method of intubation by reducing the risks of severe hypoxemia and other problems. There is confusion for efficacy of non-invasive ventilation co...

    Authors: Chao Zhang and Min Ou

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:6

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:46

  46. One goal of Emergency Department (ED) operations is achieving an overall length of stay (LOS) that is less than four hours. The goal of the current study was to assess for association between increasing number...

    Authors: Dominic Jenkins, Sarah A. Thomas, Sameer A. Pathan and Stephen H. Thomas

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:5

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. Frequent users of emergency departments (FUEDs) (≥5 ED visits/year) represent a vulnerable population with complex needs accounting for a significant number of emergency department (ED) consultations, thus con...

    Authors: Oriane J. Chastonay, Melissa Lemoine, Véronique S. Grazioli, Marina Canepa Allen, Miriam Kasztura, Joanna C. Moullin, Jean-Bernard Daeppen, Olivier Hugli and Patrick Bodenmann

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:4

    Content type: Research article

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  48. The prognosis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is very poor. While several prehospital factors are known to be associated with improved survival, the impact of prehospital factors on different age grou...

    Authors: Jyun-Bin Huang, Kuo-Hsin Lee, Yu-Ni Ho, Ming-Ta Tsai, Wei-Ting Wu and Fu-Jen Cheng

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:3

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Many early warning scores (EWSs) have been validated to prognosticate adverse outcomes secondary to sepsis in the Emergency Department (ED). These EWSs include the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome crite...

    Authors: Onlak Ruangsomboon, Phetsinee Boonmee, Chok Limsuwat, Tipa Chakorn and Apichaya Monsomboon

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:2

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. The progression of biomarkers over time is considered an indicator of disease progression and helps in the early detection of disease, thereby reducing disease-related mortality. Their ability to predict outco...

    Authors: Jaechul Yoon, Dohern Kym, Jun Hur, Jae Hee Won, Haejun Yim, Yong Suk Cho and Wook Chun

    Citation: BMC Emergency Medicine 2021 21:1

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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BMC Emergency Medicine

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