Affleck A, Parks P, Drummond A, Rowe BH, Ovens HJ. Emergency department overcrowding and access block. CJEM. 2013;15:359–70.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Goodell S, DeLia D, Cantor JC. Emergency Department Utilization and Capacity. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 2009; [Accesses November 22nd 2020]. Available: https://www.rwjf.org/en/library/research/2009/07/emergency-department-utilization-and-capacity0.html.
Hoot NR, Aronsky D. Systematic review of emergency department crowding: causes, effects, and solutions. Ann Emerg Med. 2008;52:126–36.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Morley C, Unwin M, Peterson GM, Stankovich J, Kinsman L. Emergency department crowding: A systematic review of causes, consequences and solutions. PLoS One. 2018;13:e0203316.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Guttman A, Schull M, Vermeulen M, Stukel T. Association between waiting times and short term mortality and hospital admission after departure from emergency department: population based cohort study from Ontario, Canada. BMJ. 2011;342:d2983.
Article
Google Scholar
Thibon E, Bobbia X, Blanchard B, et al. Association between Mortality and Waiting Time in Emergency Room among Adults Hospitalized for Medical Etiologies. Annales Fr Med Urg. 2019;9:229–34.
Article
Google Scholar
Johnston A, Abraham L, Greenslade J, et al. Review article: Staff perception of the emergency department working environment: Integrative review of the literature. Emerg Med Australas. 2016;28:7–26.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Javidan AP, Hansen K, Higginson I, Jones P, Lang E. The International federation for emergency medicine report on emergency department crowding and access block: a brief summary. CJEM. 2021;23:26–8.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Clouston R, Atkinson P, Canales DD, Fraser J, Sohi D, Lee S, et al. Emergency department occupancy is useful as a simple real-time measure of crowding. CJEM. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43678-021-00098-8.
Cooper A, Edwards M, Brandling J, et al. Taxonomy of the form and function of primary care services in or alongside emergency departments: concepts paper. Emerg Med J. 2019;36:625–30.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cooper A, Davies F, Edwards M, et al. The impact of general practitioners working in or alongside emergency departments: a rapid realist review. BMJ Open. 2019;9:e024501.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ramlakhan S, Mason S, O’Keeffe C, Ramtahal A, Ablard S. Primary care services located with EDs: a review of effectiveness. Emerg Med J. 2016;33:495–503.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sharma A, Inder B. Impact of co-located general practitioner (GP) clinics and patient choice on duration of wait in the emergency department. Emerg Med J. 2011;28:658–61.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Murphy AW, Bury G, Plunkett PK, et al. Randomised controlled trial of general practitioner versus usual medical care in an urban accident and emergency department: process, outcome, and comparative cost. BMJ. 1996;312:1135–42.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Boeke AJP, van Randwijck-Jacobze ME, de Lange-Klerk EM, Grol SM, Kramer MH, van der Horst HE. Effectiveness of GPs in accident and emergency departments. Br J Gen Pract. 2010;60:e378–84.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wang M, Wild S, Hilfiker G, et al. Hospital-integrated general practice: a promising way to manage walk-in patients in emergency departments. J Eval Clin Pract. 2014;20:20–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chrusciel J, Fontaine X, Devillard A, Cordonnier A, et al. Impact of the implementation of a fast-track on emergency department length of stay and quality of care indicators in the Champagne-Ardenne region: a before-after study. BMJ Open. 2019;9:e026200.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Gonçalves-Bradley D, Khangura JK, Flodgren G, Perera R, Rowe BH, Shepperd S. Primary care professionals providing non-urgent care in hospital emergency departments. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;2:1–75.
Google Scholar
Rodi SW, Grau MV, Orsini CM. Evaluation of a fast track unit: alignment of resources and demand results in improved satisfaction and decreased length of stay for emergency department patients. Qual Manag Health Care. 2006;15:163–70.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wiler JL, Gentle C, Halfpenny JM, et al. Optimizing emergency department front-end operations. Ann Emerg Med. 2010;55:142–160.e1.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bentley JA, Thakore S, Morrison W, Wang W. Emergency Department redirection to primary care: a prospective evaluation of practice. Scott Med J. 2017;62:2–10.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Berthelot S, Lang ES, Messier A. CJEM Debate Series: #EDRedirection - Sending low-acuity patients away from the emergency department - An imperative for appropriateness and integration. CJEM. 2020;22:638–40.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rowe BH, Ovens H, Schull MJ. CJEM Debate Series: #EDRedirection - Efforts to divert patients from the emergency department - Stop blaming the patients! An argument against redirection. CJEM. 2020;22:641–3.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Naouri D, Ranchon G, Vuagnat A, et al. Factors associated with inappropriate use of emergency departments: findings from a cross-sectional national study in France. BMJ Qual Saf. 2019;pii:bmjqs-2019-009396.
Google Scholar
Nagree Y, Ercleve TNO, Sprivulis PC. After-hours general practice clinics are unlikely to reduce low acuity patient attendances to metropolitan Perth emergency departments. Aust Health Rev. 2004;28:285–91.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Uscher-Pines L. Applying What Works to Reduce Non-Urgent Emergency Department Use. 2013 [Accessed september 19th 2020]. Available: https://www.rand.org/blog/2013/05/applying-what-works-to-reduce-non-urgent-emergency.html
Afilalo J, Marinovich A, Afilalo M, et al. Nonurgent Emergency Department Patient Characteristics and Barriers to Primary Care. Acad Emerg Med. 2004;11:1302–10.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Anantharaman V. Impact of health care system interventions on emergency department utilization and overcrowding in Singapore. Int J Emerg Med. 2008;1:11–20.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Arain M, Campbell MJ, Nicholl JP. Impact of a GP-led walk-in centre on NHS emergency departments. Emerg Med J. 2015;32:295–300.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Buckley DJ, Curtis PW, McGirr JG. The effect of a general practice after-hours clinic on emergency department presentations: a regression time series analysis. Health Care. 2010;192:448–51.
Google Scholar
Whittaker W, Anselmi L, Kristensen SR, et al. Associations between extending access to primary care and emergency department visits: a difference-in-differences analysis. PLoS Med. 2016;13:e1002113.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Vertesi L. Does the Canadian Emergency Department Triage and Acuity Scale identify non-urgent patients who can be triaged away from the emergency department? CJEM. 2004;6:337–42.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mrihaghi A, Heydari A, Mazlom R, Ebrahimi M. The reliability of the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale: Meta-Analysis. N Am J Med Sci. 2015;7:299–305.
Article
Google Scholar
Gravel J, Gouin S, Goldman RD, Osmond M, et al. The Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale for Children: a prospective multicenter evaluation. Ann Emerg Med. 2012;60:71–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dong SL, Bullard MJ, Meurer D, Blitz S, Holroyd BR, Rowe BH. The effect of training on nurse agreement using an electronic triage system. CJEM. 2007;9:260–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grafstein E, Innes G, Westman J, Christenson J, Thorne A. Inter-rater reliability of a computerized presenting complaint linked triage system in an urban emergency department. CJEM. 2003;5:323–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dallaire C, Poitras J, Aubin K, Lavoie A, Moore L. Emergency department triage: Do experienced nurses agree on triage scores.? J Emerg Med. 2012;42:736–40.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Manos D, Petrie DA, Beveridge RC, Walter S, Ducharme J. Inter-observer agreement using the Canadian emergency department triage and acuity scale. CJEM. 2002;4:16–22.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Khangura JK, Flodgren G, Perera R, Rowe BH, Shepperd S. Primary care professionals providing non-urgent care in hospital emergency departments. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;11:CD002097.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Morin C, Choukroun J, Callahan J-C. Safety and efficiency of a redirection procedure toward an out of hours general practice before admission to an emergency department, an observational study. BMC Emerg Med. 2018;18:26.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Dy S, Gurses AP. Care pathways and patient safety: key concepts, patient outcomes and related interventions. Int J Care Pathways. 2010;14:124–8.
Article
Google Scholar
Sauvin G, Freund Y, Saidi K, Riou B, Hausfater P. Unscheduled return visits to the emergency department: consequences for triage. Acad Emerg Med. 2013;20:33–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pereira L, Choquet C, Perozziello A, Wargon M, Juillien G, Colosi L, et al. Unscheduled-return-visits after an emergency department (ED) attendance and clinical link between both visits in patients aged 75 years and over: a prospective observational study. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0123803.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Kirkland SW, Soleimani A, Rowe BH, Newton AS. A systematic review examining the impact of redirecting low-acuity patients seeking emergency department care: is the juice worth the squeeze? Emerg Med J. 2019;36:97–106.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wu CL, Wang FT, Chiang YC, Lin TG, Fu LF, Tsai TL. Unplanned emergency department revisists with 72 hours to a secondary teaching referral hospital in Taiwan. J Emerg Med. 2010;38:512–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cheng SY, Wang HT, Lee CW, Tsai TC, Hung CW, Wu KH. The characteristics and prognostic predictors of unplanned hospital admission within 72 hours after ED discharge. Am J Emerg Med. 2013;31:1490–4.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Thijssen W, Wijnen-van Houts M, Koetsenruijter J, Giesen P, Wensing M. The impact on emergency department utilization and patient flows after integrating with a general practitioner cooperative: an observational study. Emerg Med Int. 2013;2013:364659.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar